http://blog.csdn.net/hwh1231/article/details/71426844

MySQL5.7.21 源码安装详细步骤

版本选择：

1、 生产环境如何选择MySQL版本

1. 选择社区版的稳定GA版本

2. 可以选择5.1或5.5.互联网公司主流5.5， 其次是5.1和5.6

3. 选择发布后6个月以上的GA版

4. 要选择前后几个月没有打的BUG修复的版本，而不是大量修复BUG的几种版本

5. 最好选择向后较长时间没有更新发布的版本

6. 考虑开发人员开发程序使用的版本是否兼容你选的版本

7. 企业非核心业务采用新版本的数据库GA版本软件

8. 作为内部开发测试数据库环境，跑大概3-6个月时间

9. 向DBA高手请教，或者在技术氛围好的群里和大家一起交流，使用真正高手用过的好用的GA版本产品

10. 经过上述工序后，若没有重要的功能BUG或性能瓶颈，则可以开始考虑作为任何业务数据服务的后端数据库软件。

2、 MySql数据库的多种安装方法

1. yum/rpm安装

2. 常规方式编译安装

3. 采用cmake方式编译安装

4. 二进制方式免编译安装

MySQL5.7.18 源码安装详细步骤

一：操作系统环境和目录结构

[root@tqsrv121 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7 (Santiago)

[root@tqsrv121 ~]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3        16G  5.4G  9.6G  36% /

tmpfs           932M     0  932M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1        79G   56M   75G   1% /u02

注意，在安装操作系统时，把cmake装上。

 yum install centos-release-scl -y
 yum install devtoolset-4-gcc-c++ devtoolset-4-gcc -y
 yum install cmake git -y
 yum install ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison -y

二、获取MySQL5.7.18源码安装包，并上传至服务器。

MySQL官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载版本：mysql-boost-5.7.21.tar.gz 此版本带有boost。

Select Operating System: 选择 “Source Code”

Select OS Version:  选择 “Generic Linux (Architecture Independent)”

注：AliSQL-github:  https://github.com/alibaba/AliSQL

三、创建MySQL用户以及MySQL数据库目录划分

创建MySQL用户：

groupadd -g 701 mysql

useradd -M -g mysql -u 1101 -s /sbin/nologin  mysql  #建立mysql账号，-M不建立家目录，-s自动以shell为/sbin/nologin账号不能登录

（如若已存在MySQL用户，在确定不影响其他功能的情况下，可将之删除，并重建）

MySQL数据库目录划分：

mysql软件目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/install

mysql数据目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/data

mysql日志目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/

mysql日志目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/bin_log

mysql配置文件目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/config

mysql临时目录: /u02/mysql3307/5.7/tmp

[root@mysql3 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql3307/5.7/install

[root@mysql3 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql3307/5.7/data

[root@mysql3 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/bin_log

[root@mysql3 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql3307/5.7/config

[root@mysql3 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql3307/5.7/tmp

 [root@mysql3 u02]# pwd

/u02

[root@mysql3 u02]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql3307/

四、解压MySQL并编译并安装

1.解压MySQL安装文件：

[root@mysql3 software]# pwd

/u02/software/

[root@mysql3 software]# ls

mysql-boost-5.7.21.tar.gz

[root@mysql3 software]# tar -xvf mysql-boost-5.7.21.tar.gz

2.进入解压后的软件目录进行CMake,CMake的目的是生成makefile文件，为下一步编译做准备

如果之前编译不成功，请执行以下命令：

make clean

rm CMakeCache.txt

进入解压后的目录：cd /data/mysql/src/mysql-5.7.18

编译前要确保磁盘空间是足够的，至少6G以上吧，db初始化时 再给5个G吧。

后面我在做db初始化时，空间不够，命令直接跳出，没任何提示，搞了半天才知道时空间的原因。

进入解压后的目录：cd /data/mysql/src/mysql-5.7.21

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/install \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DCOMPILATION_COMMENT='MySQL 5.7 steven.hua' \

-DWITH_READLINE=ON \

-DWITH_BOOST=/u02/software/mysql-5.7.21/boost \

-DSYSCONFDIR=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/config \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock

WITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS

• all: All character sets. This is the default.     所有的
• complex: Complex character sets.               复杂的，支持所有多字节字符集，是标准mysql的编译参数
• none: No extra character sets.                     没有额外的字符集

注意：关于cmake编译的参数可以到官网学习。https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-options.html

-D 相当于就是定义, -D 可以理解为告诉cmake 后边我要定义一些参数了, 你每定义一个就在前边加上-D就是了

3.编译并安装

cd /data/mysql/src/mysql-5.7.21

make -j 4 & make install

（注意：这步需要1.5个小时左右，请耐心等待）

4.配置my.cnf文件

vi /u02/mysql3307/5.7/config/my.cnf

[client]

port=3306

socket=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock

 

[mysqld]

port=3306

user=mysql

socket=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock

pid-file=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.pid

basedir=//u02/mysql3307/5.7/installdir

datadir=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data

tmpdir=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/tmpdir

 

log_error=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/mysql2.err

 

server-id = 1

log_bin =/u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/bin_log/binlog

 

general_log_file=/u02/mysql3306/5.7/log/general_log

general_log      = 1

 

slow_query_log = ON

long_query_time = 2

slow_query_log_file =/u02/mysql3307/5.7/log/query_log

log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON

5.初始化数据库

cd /u02/mysql3307/5.7/install/bin

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir= --datadir=

如果OS上安装过其它版本的mysql，最好添加参数–no-defaults，进行初始化（不使用别人的cnf配置文件）。并且，切记要放在参数的首位！否则，不产生作用。

./mysqld --no-defaults --initialize --user=mysql --basedir= --datadir=

[root@tqsrv122 bin]# ./mysqld --no-defaults --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/install --datadir=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data

2018-03-07T07:23:38.584709Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2018-03-07T07:23:40.654332Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2018-03-07T07:23:40.878625Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2018-03-07T07:23:40.994385Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 75ed60bb-21d8-11e8-b1da-00163e2cd3a8.

2018-03-07T07:23:40.996637Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2018-03-07T07:23:40.997386Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: :GgrlfFs-8ok

6.安装ssl,可指定文件生成路径，默认为DATA里面

cd /u02/mysql3307/5.7/install/bin

 ./mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

[root@mysql3 bin]# ./mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

.........................+++

..................+++

writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'

-----

Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

..............................................................................+++

...............................................+++

writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'

-----

Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

........+++

................+++

writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'

生成的文件在/u02/mysql3307/5.7/data目录下

7.启动数据库

./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/u02/mysql3307/5.7/config/my.cnf &

或 

cp /data/mysql/installdir/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

8.登陆客户端，建库建表建用户。

./mysql -uroot -p   hTdE.-th:5.g

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root@20170508';

CREATE DATABASE HWYDB DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

use HWYDB;

create table hwy( nid int not null auto_increment primary key, name varchar(32) not null, email varchar(64) not null, extra text, unique ix_name (name) );

grant SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE on HWYDB.* to 'dbadmin'@'172.16.115.%' identified by 'dbadmin@20170508';

至此，MySQL5.7.21源码安装完成！

9.错误整理：

1)5.7编译cmake要求版本最低为2.8

2)之前版本mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下，5.7放在了mysql_install_db/bin目录下,且已被废弃。

3)初始化密码: mysql5.7会生成一个初始化密码，而在之前的版本首次登陆不需要登录。

shell> cat /root/.mysql_secret

# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2015-04-22 22:13:23

?G5W&tz1z.cN

修改默认密码

shell> bin/mysqladmin -h localhost -u root password '123@qwe' -p'?G5W&tz1z.cN'

mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

4)另外mysql5.7的mysql.user表结构被修改

修改mysql.user方式修改密码

mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123qwe') where user='svoid' and Host = 'localhost';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5）磁盘空间满了也会报“collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status”错误

Linking CXX executable CMakeFiles/CMakeRelink.dir/mysql_embedded

Linking CXX executable CMakeFiles/CMakeRelink.dir/mysqltest_embedded

collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

make[2]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/CMakeRelink.dir/mysqltest_embedded] Error 1

make[1]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysqltest_embedded.dir/preinstall] Error 2

make: *** [preinstall] Error 2

===============================
第二次做参数
 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/install \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DCOMPILATION_COMMENT='MySQL 5.7 steven.hua' \
-DWITH_READLINE=ON \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/server/soft/mysql-5.7.21/boost \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/config \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock



[client]
port=3307
socket=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock

 

[mysqld]
port=3307
bind_address=10.26.47.25
user=mysql
server-id=1
character_set_server=utf8
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
max_connections=800
max_connect_errors=100000

#MySQL file path
socket=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.sock
pid-file=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/mysql.pid
basedir=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/install
datadir=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data
tmpdir=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/tmp
log_error=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/log/mysql2.err
 

#MySQL bin_log
log_bin =/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/bin_log/binlog
sync_binlog=1
innodb_support_xa=1
binlog_format=ROW    #5.7.7 default

 
general_log_file=/usr/server/mysql3306/5.7/log/generallog
general_log      = 1

 
#slow_query_log = ON
#long_query_time = 2
#slow_query_log_file =/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/log/querylog
#log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON
#explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=OFF  #default off






#innodb memory setting
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb datafile setting
innodb_file_per_table = true
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

#innodb redo log
innodb_log_file_size = 1G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb io setting -plugin options
innodb_read_io_threads = 16
innodb_write_io_threads = 16
innodb_purge_threads=4
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000
#innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75


#innodb recovery when initialize
#innodb_force_recovery=0  #default 0  start srv after complete recovery
#innodb shutdown type
#innodb_fast_shutdown=0   #default 0  full purge and merge insert buffer

# replication master
#server-id=1
#log_bin=/usr/server/mysql3307/5.7/data/bin_log/binlog
#sync_binlog=1
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

# replication slave