ORA-01956:

invalid command when OS_ROLES are being used

Cause:

This command cannot be used when the INIT.ORA parameter OS_ROLES is TRUE.

Action:

Grant the role to the user in the operating system.

注意一点，一旦设置了OS_ROLES=TRUE，以前给用户授权的所有角色都无效了。

此种情况可以通过

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET OS_ROLES=FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE;

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

SQL>STARTUP;

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