一、creating a table

--创建表

create table computer_systems(

computer_system_id number(38, 0) not null,

agent_uuid varchar2(256),

operating_system_id number(19, 0) not null,

hardware_model varchar2(50),

create_dtt date default sysdate not null,

update_dtt date,

constraint computer_systems_pk primary key (computer_system_id)

using index tablespace inv_mgmt_index

) tablespace inv_mgmt_data;

--列注释

comment on column computer_systems.computer_system_id is

'Surrogate key generated via an Oracle sequence.';

--创建唯一索引

create unique index computer_system_uk1 on computer_systems(agent_uuid)

tablespace inv_mgmt_index;

--增加参考约束

alter table computer_systems add constraint computer_systems_fk1

foreign key (operating_system_id)

references operating_systems(operating_system_id);

二、创建临时表

--commit时保存数据。

create global temporary table today_regs

on commit preserve rows

as select * from f_registrations

where create_dtt > sysdate - 1;

--commit时删除数据。

create global temporary table temp_output(temp_row varchar2(30))

on commit delete rows;

三、moving a table

--移动表空间

alter table parties move tablespace mts;

--移动表空间后数据存储位置发放了变化，需要rebuild索引。

select dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid), emp_id from emp;

四、renaming objects

--重命名表名

alter table products rename to products_old;

drop table products_old;

--重命名列名

alter table products rename column product_id to product_no;

--重命名索引名字

alter index prodid rename to prod_idx1;

--重命名约束名字

alter table details rename constraint mast_con to mast_fk1;

--重命名触发器名字

alter trigger f_shipments_bu_tr1 rename to f_au_tr2;

五、dropping a table

--删除表

drop table inventory;

--删除表的同时删除外键约束，否则会报错

drop table inventory cascade constraints;

--清空回收站。当你删除一个对象的时候，oracle只是逻辑删除，真实的是rename了一下，所占用的表空间并不释放，以备以后恢复。如果不需要恢复，可以清空回收站。

purge recyclebin;

--删除的同时清空回收站，以后也不能通过闪回操作恢复。

drop table inventory purge;

六、undropping a table

SQL> create table yxl(id number);

Table created

SQL> drop table yxl;

Table dropped

SQL> select OBJECT_NAME,original_name from user_recyclebin where ORIGINAL_NAME='YXL';

OBJECT_NAME ORIGINAL_NAME

------------------------------ --------------------------------

BIN$ekJvLBZI5FPgQAB/AQBIcQ==$0 YXL

SQL> flashback table yxl to before drop;

Done

SQL> desc yxl;

Name Type Nullable Default Comments

---- ------ -------- ------- --------

ID NUMBER Y

注：在10g或更高的版本中，删除表时，不真正删除，而是重命名为以BIN$开头的表，并放到回收站里。

七、creating an index

--常用操作

create index d_sources_idx1 on d_sources(d_source_id);

create index d_sources_idx1 on d_sources(d_source_id) tablespace dim_index;

select table_name, index_name, index_type, tablespace_name, status

from user_indexes

order by table_name;

--自动生成rebuild脚本

SPO ind_build_dyn.sql

SET HEAD OFF PAGESIZE 0 FEEDBACK OFF;

SELECT 'ALTER INDEX ' || index_name || ' REBUILD;' FROM user_indexes;

SPO OFF;

SET FEEDBACK ON;

八、创建基于函数的索引

create index user_upper_idx on emp(upper(emp_name));

九、创建bitmap索引

create bitmap index f_down_date_fk1 on f_downloads(d_date_id);

--对分区表创建local索引

create bitmap index f_down_date_fk1 on f_downloads(d_date_id) local;

create bitmap index f_down_date_fk1 on f_downloads(d_date_id) local nologging;

十、创建索引组织表

create table prod_sku

(prod_sku_id number,

sku varchar2(256),

create_dtt timestamp(5),

constraint prod_sku_pk primary key(prod_sku_id)

)

organization index

including sku

pctthreshold 30

tablespace inv_mgmt_data

overflow

tablespace mts;

--查看索引

select index_name,table_name,index_type from user_indexes;

十一、creating a view创建视图

create or replace view sales_rockies as

select sales_id, amnt, state

from sales

where state in ('CO','UT','WY','ID','AZ');

--with check option操作。

create or replace view sales_rockies as

select sales_id, amnt, state

from sales

where state in ('CO','UT','WY','ID','AZ')

with check option;

十二、创建同义词

create or replace synonym inv for inv_mgmt.inv;

grant all on books to public;

create public synonym books for inv_mgmt.books;

十三、保证表中行数唯一性。

--主键约束

create table dept(dept_id number primary key, dept_desc varchar2(30));

create table dept( dept_id number constraint dept_pk primary key using index tablespace users, dept_desc varchar2(30));

create table dept(

dept_id number,

dept_desc varchar2(30),

constraint dept_pk primary key (dept_id)

using index tablespace prod_index);

--创建表后添加主键约束

create index dept_pk on dept(dept_id);

alter table dept add constraint dept_pk primary key (dept_id);

--unique约束

create table dept(dept_id number, dept_desc varchar2(30) constraint dept_desc_uk1 unique using index tablespace prod_index);

create index dept_desc_uk1 on dept(dept_desc);

alter table dept add constraint dept_desc_uk1 unique(dept_desc);

十四、外键约束

create table emp(

emp_id number,

name varchar2(30),

dept_id number constraint emp_dept_fk references dept(dept_id));

--添加外键约束

alter table emp add constraint emp_dept_fk foreign key (dept_id) references dept(dept_id);

十五、check约束

create table emp(

emp_id number,

emp_name varchar2(30),

st_flg number(1) CHECK (st_flg in (0,1))

);

create table emp(

emp_id number,

emp_name varchar2(30),

st_flg number(1) constraint st_flg_chk CHECK (st_flg in (0,1))

);

CREATE table emp(

emp_id number,

emp_name varchar2(30),

st_flg number(1) constraint "st_flg must be 0 or 1" check (st_flg in (0,1))

);

十六、数据库之间的连接（数据库链）

create database link mss connect to e123 identified by e123 using 'oss.east:1521/BRDSTN';

十七、创建序列

create sequence inv2 start with 10000 maxvalue 1000000;

drop sequence inv2;

ITPub博客

oracle对象管理常用操作(objects management)

最新文章