### 欢迎访问我的GitHub
> 这里分类和汇总了欣宸的全部原创(含配套源码)：[https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos](https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos)

- Mac下使用虚拟机时，通过vagrant+virtualbox的组合是个不错的方案，简便快捷；
### 安装步骤
- virtualbox官网下载，地址：https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads ，如下，下载完毕后双击安装：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190818112209179.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- vagrant官网下载，地址：https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html ，如下，下载完毕后双击安装：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190818112629777.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- 安装完成后在命令行执行命令 **vagrant -v** ，查看版本号如下：
```shell
(base) zhaoqindeMBP:~ zhaoqin$ vagrant -v
Vagrant 2.2.5
```
- 安装完毕，接下来开始体验；

### 体验
- 注意： **体验之前请再三确认virtualbox已经安装成功，最好是双击图标启动virtualbox，确认能够启动成功；**

- 检查已有的虚拟机列表 **vagrant box list** ，提示还没有任何虚拟机：

```shell
(base) zhaoqindeMBP:~ zhaoqin$ vagrant box list
There are no installed boxes! Use `vagrant box add` to add some.
```

- 去虚拟机镜像仓库找个合适的镜像，地址是：https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search ，如下图，咱们用centos来完成初次体验吧，点击红框位置：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190818114903881.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- 在新页面中，点击下图红框中的"New"按钮，即可看到使用该虚拟机的命令：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190818122209749.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- 按照上图的提示，在命令行执行 **vagrant init centos/7</font >，即可在当前目录生成此虚拟机的配置文件Vagrantfile：

```shell
base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant init centos/7
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
```

- 打开Vagrantfile看看，如下图，只有少量信息，看来主要用的都是默认配置：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019081812354292.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- 执行命令启动虚拟机，接下来需要等待10分钟左右，控制台输出以下信息表示启动虚拟机成功：
```shell
(base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Box 'centos/7' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...
    default: Box Provider: virtualbox
    default: Box Version: >= 0
==> default: Loading metadata for box 'centos/7'
    default: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/7
==> default: Adding box 'centos/7' (v1905.1) for provider: virtualbox
    default: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/boxes/7/versions/1905.1/providers/virtualbox.box
    default: Download redirected to host: cloud.centos.org
==> default: Successfully added box 'centos/7' (v1905.1) for 'virtualbox'!
==> default: Importing base box 'centos/7'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' version '1905.1' is up to date...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: 18_default_1566103400563_66799
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default: 
    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    default: 
    default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest
    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only
    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install
    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.
    default: 
    default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,
    default: in which case you may ignore this message.
==> default: Rsyncing folder: /Users/zhaoqin/temp/201908/18/ => /vagrant
```

- ssh登录：
```shell
vagrant ssh
```

- 登录成功后，查看虚拟机操作系统版本，可见是centos7.6：
```shell
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
```

- 退出ssh，回到控制台：
```shell
exit
```

### 基本命令
- 关闭虚拟机：
```shell
vagrant halt
```

- 启动虚拟机：
```shell
vagrant up
```

- 重启虚拟机：
```shell
vagrant reload
```

- 删除虚拟机：
```shell
vagrant destroy
```

### 修改配置
- 接下来尝试修改虚拟机的配置文件Vagrantfile，在Vagrantfile中添加如下图红框中的内容，作用是将虚拟机内存设置为2G：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190818162119252.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94aW5jaGVuLmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

- 执行 **vagrant reload** 重启虚拟机，然后执行 **vagrant ssh** 进入虚拟机，执行 **free -m** 查看内存情况，可见设置已经生效：
```shell
(base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant ssh
Last login: Sun Aug 18 08:09:43 2019 from 10.0.2.2
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1838          70        1655           8         112        1624
Swap:          2047           0        2047
```

- 至此，Mac下的vagrant安装和体验就完成了，希望本文能给您一些参考，帮助您快速搭建虚拟机环境。

### 欢迎关注ITpub：程序员欣宸
> [学习路上，你不孤单，欣宸原创一路相伴...](http://blog.itpub.net/70017844/)

ITPub博客

Mac下vagrant从安装到体验

最新文章