Gauss 100 数据库函数介绍之聚集函数Part2
说明：
聚集函数之间不支持嵌套调用。
SUM
语法：
SUM(expr)
功能：分组求和。
说明：expr必须是能够转为NUMBER的表达式。
示例：
返回staffS表中工资总合。
CREATE TABLE staffS ( staff_ID NUMBER(6) not null, FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20), LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25), EMAIL VARCHAR2(25), PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2(20), HIRE_DATE DATE, employment_ID VARCHAR2(10), SALARY NUMBER(8,2), COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER(2,2), MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6), section_ID NUMBER(4) );
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', to_date('13-01-2000', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', to_date('17-09-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'AD_ASST', 4400.00, null, 101, 10);SELECT SUM(SALARY) AS "SUM" FROM staffs; SUM ---------------------------------------- 9600 1 rows fetched.
STDDEV
语法：
STDDEV(expr)
功能：分组求样本标准差，作为聚集函数或分析函数。
示例：
返回staffS表中工资的标准差。
CREATE TABLE staffS ( staff_ID NUMBER(6) not null, FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20), LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25), EMAIL VARCHAR2(25), PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2(20), HIRE_DATE DATE, employment_ID VARCHAR2(10), SALARY NUMBER(8,2), COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER(2,2), MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6), section_ID NUMBER(4) );
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', to_date('13-01-2000', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', to_date('17-09-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'AD_ASST', 4400.00, null, 101, 10);SELECT STDDEV(SALARY) AS "STDDEV" FROM staffs; STDDEV ---------------------------------------- 1039.23048454132637611646780490352342017 1 rows fetched.
STDDEV_SAMP
语法：
STDDEV_SAMP(expr)
功能：分组求标准差，作为聚集函数或分析函数
说明：当只有一行数据时，STDDEV返回0， 而STDDEV_SAMP返回null值。
示例：
返回staffS表中工资的样本标准差。
CREATE TABLE staffS ( staff_ID NUMBER(6) not null, FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20), LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25), EMAIL VARCHAR2(25), PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2(20), HIRE_DATE DATE, employment_ID VARCHAR2(10), SALARY NUMBER(8,2), COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER(2,2), MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6), section_ID NUMBER(4) );
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', to_date('13-01-2000', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', to_date('17-09-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'AD_ASST', 4400.00, null, 101, 10);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);SELECT STAFF_ID, FIRST_NAME, SALARY, STDDEV_SAMP(SALARY) OVER (PARTITION BY staff_ID) AS "samp" FROM staffs; STAFF_ID FIRST_NAME SALARY samp ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 198 Donald 2600 0 198 Donald 2600 0 199 Douglas 2600 200 Jennifer 4400
STDDEV_POP
语法：
STDDEV_POP(expr)
功能：分组求数据集的标准差，作为聚集函数或分析函数
说明：STDDEV_POP是计算一组确定数值的标准差，而不是抽样中样本标准差，返回方差的算术平方根，计算公式和STDDEV稍有不同
示例：
返回staffS表中工资的总体标准差和样本标准差。
CREATE TABLE staffS ( staff_ID NUMBER(6) not null, FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20), LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25), EMAIL VARCHAR2(25), PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2(20), HIRE_DATE DATE, employment_ID VARCHAR2(10), SALARY NUMBER(8,2), COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER(2,2), MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6), section_ID NUMBER(4) );
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', to_date('13-01-2000', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', to_date('17-09-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'AD_ASST', 4400.00, null, 101, 10);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);SELECT STDDEV_POP(SALARY) "Pop", STDDEV_SAMP(SALARY) "Samp" FROM staffs; Pop Samp ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 779.422863405994782087350853677642565124 900 1 rows fetched.
GROUP_CONCAT
语法：
GROUP_CONCAT([DISTINCT] expr1 [, expr2...] [ORDER BY {unsigned_integer | col_name | expr} [ASC | DESC] [, col_name...]] [SEPARATOR str_val])功能：分组进行字符串连接，并在连接时用指定的分隔符隔开。
说明：
如果用户指定了两个及以上表达式，则该函数在分组进行字符串连接之前会先将指定的多个表达式进行字符串连接，但此时的连接并没有任何分隔符。
默认的分隔符为逗号","。
函数最多支持64个参数，GROUP_CONCAT函数的分隔符占用一个参数，实际最大支持63个参数。
示例：
按staff_ID分组，连接SALARY的值。
CREATE TABLE staffS ( staff_ID NUMBER(6) not null, FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(20), LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25), EMAIL VARCHAR2(25), PHONE_NUMBER VARCHAR2(20), HIRE_DATE DATE, employment_ID VARCHAR2(10), SALARY NUMBER(8,2), COMMISSION_PCT NUMBER(2,2), MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6), section_ID NUMBER(4) );
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', to_date('13-01-2000', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', to_date('17-09-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'AD_ASST', 4400.00, null, 101, 10);
INSERT INTO staffs (staff_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, employment_ID, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, MANAGER_ID, section_ID)
VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', to_date('21-06-1999', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 'SH_CLERK', 2600.00, null, 124, 50);SELECT staff_ID,GROUP_CONCAT(SALARY) FROM staffs GROUP BY staff_ID; STAFF_ID GROUP_CONCAT(SALARY) ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- 200 4400 198 2600,2600 199 2600 3 rows fetched.
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/69959250/viewspace-3127924/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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