## 测试目的
由于K8s缘故涉猎go语言，发现golang的web框架很多，都号称高性能标杆；之前一直致力于c++高性能服务端框架研究，出于好奇，想单从性能层面客观比较一下go的众多web框架，另一方面也希望看看c++的实现与go语言实现之间究竟存在多大差异。

高性能服务框架评估指标很多，但一般来讲吞吐量与QPS是关键考量指标，吞吐量衡量带宽利用率，QPS主要考验框架调度性能（几乎所有可称之为“高性能”的服务框架都没有吞吐量问题，毕竟网络瓶颈很轻易就达到了）。由于是框架本身QPS测试，为了屏蔽http协议实现差异选择最精简的协议头（协议处理一般不会有锁，为cpu密集型），因此要求请求/返回报文尽可能小，本文测试基于http协议，返回空报文。

为了实现测试的第二个目的，特将一个自撸的c++服务框架作为c++实现的”砖头”，加入到对比测试中。此框架尚未开源，其高性能特性保障体现在如下设计上：
* 跨平台实现socket多路复用，支持：poll、epoll、kqueue、port、select、IOCP等模型
* 采用lock-free算法
* 线程池设计
* socket连接池
* 多级任务队列
……

PS：
	好吧，这样一来貌似更接近测试socket服务框架调度性能……
	不要纠结keep-alive，因为wrk使用HTTP/1.1，默认都是keep-alive的

## 测试环境
![env.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-7406a43f27631d81.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

### 环境设置
ulimit -n 2000
### 压测工具
wrk
由于环境限制，只能wrk客户端和待测试服务端在一台机器上运行

## c++自研框架
* 启动脚本：(最大2000个并发连接，2个线程处理，http端口8080)
./proxy_server -i2000 -o2000 -w2 -x8080
* 如有条件测试linux系统可自行下载服务端(选择对应平台的包)：https://github.com/lazy-luo/smarGate
* http返回报文：
```
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive
```

* 压测结果：
```
$wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    13.03ms    3.80ms 100.73ms   86.97%
    Req/Sec     9.43k     1.64k   39.35k    88.23%
  7509655 requests in 1.67m, 444.03MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 794, write 2, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  75018.11
Transfer/sec:      4.44MB
```

* 资源占用：
![proxy_server.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-bac9fb1760c6424b.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## go-restful框架：
* main_go-restful.go
```
package main
import (
   "github.com/emicklei/go-restful"
   "net/http"
)
func main(){
	ws := new(restful.WebService)
	ws.Route(ws.GET("/").To(hello))
	restful.Add(ws)
	http.ListenAndServe(":8080",nil)
}
func hello(req *restful.Request,resp *restful.Response){
	resp.Write([]byte(""))
}
```

* http返回报文：
```
$curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 03:54:27 GMT
Content-Length: 0
```

* 压测结果：
```
$wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    19.72ms   10.57ms 331.94ms   87.67%
    Req/Sec     6.52k     1.24k   23.75k    80.42%
  5180908 requests in 1.67m, 370.57MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 844, write 3, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  51757.61
Transfer/sec:      3.70MB
```

* 资源占用：
![go-restful.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-4188c7b87270312c.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## go-echo框架：
* main_go-echo.go
```
package main
import (
	"net/http"
	"github.com/labstack/echo"
)
func main() {
	e := echo.New()
	e.GET("/", func(c echo.Context) error {
		return c.String(http.StatusOK, "")
	})
	e.Logger.Fatal(e.Start(":8080"))
}
```

* http返回报文：
```
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:09:24 GMT
Content-Length: 0
```

* 压测结果：
```
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    17.32ms    8.19ms 252.60ms   90.70%
    Req/Sec     7.52k     1.35k   39.96k    80.55%
  5974370 requests in 1.67m, 660.92MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 431, write 67, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  59686.09
Transfer/sec:      6.60MB
```

* 资源占用：
![go-echo.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-83ecd53ff43067a5.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## go-iris框架：

* main_go-iris.go
```
package main
import(
	"time"
	"github.com/kataras/iris"
	"github.com/kataras/iris/cache"
)
func main(){
	app := iris.New()
	app.Logger().SetLevel("error")
	app.Get("/",cache.Handler(10*time.Second),writeMarkdown)
	app.Run(iris.Addr(":8080"))
}
func writeMarkdown(ctx iris.Context){
	ctx.Markdown([]byte(""))
}
```
* http返回报文：
```
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:11:59 GMT
Content-Length: 0
```

* 压测结果：
```
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    22.03ms    7.99ms 140.47ms   84.58%
    Req/Sec     5.79k   775.23    19.31k    80.35%
  4608572 requests in 1.67m, 505.43MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 726, write 22, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  46041.23
Transfer/sec:      5.05MB
```

* 资源占用：
![go-iris.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-4d0ce01647a332b1.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## go-gin框架
* main_go-gin.go
```
package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "log"
    "github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
)
func Index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
    fmt.Fprint(w, "")
}
func main() {
    router := httprouter.New()
    router.GET("/", Index)
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router))
}
```

* http返回报文：
```
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:15:33 GMT
Content-Length: 0
```

* 压测结果：
```
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    16.71ms    7.72ms 268.45ms   87.79%
    Req/Sec     7.71k     1.58k   21.27k    82.12%
  6130281 requests in 1.67m, 438.47MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 693, write 36, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  61243.74
Transfer/sec:      4.38MB
```
* 资源占用：
![go-gin.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-4e0e3274352383f8.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## go-chi框架：
* main_go-chi.go
```
package main
import (
    "net/http"
    "github.com/go-chi/chi"
)
func main() {
    r := chi.NewRouter()
    r.Get("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.Write([]byte(""))
    })
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
}
```

* http返回报文：
```
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:18:42 GMT
Content-Length: 0
```

* 压测结果：
```
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/
Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/
  8 threads and 1024 connections
  Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
    Latency    17.17ms    8.47ms 253.47ms   90.07%
    Req/Sec     7.65k     1.42k   26.08k    79.76%
  6071695 requests in 1.67m, 434.28MB read
  Socket errors: connect 0, read 110, write 2, timeout 0
Requests/sec:  60658.49
Transfer/sec:      4.34MB
```

* 资源占用：
![go-chi.jpg](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/14968752-68ca82a3730c5f5c.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

## 结论：
|     -     | cpu-free | mem-usage |   qps    |
| --------- | ------- | -------- | ------- |
| c++        | 15%-20%  | 6M        | 75018.11 |
| go-gin     | 0%-1.5%  | 28M       | 61243.74 |
| go-chi     | 0%-1%    | 28M       | 60658.49 |
| go-echo    | 0%-0.5%  | 28M       | 59686.09 |
| go-restful | 0%-0.5%  | 34M       | 51757.61 |
| go-iris    | 0%-1%    | 37M       | 46041.23 |

* go语言web框架中gin、chi、echo性能相当，gin略显优势，iris实测效果不佳；
* go语言与c++语言网络框架比较还是存在一定性能差距，但不是决定性的；
* go语言整体资源耗用大，c++足够轻量高效；
* go语言真的很易用且简洁！！就是三方依赖太多 ，拿来主义，问题排查那是相当酸爽...... 当然，随着依赖包升级你会一直爽 ：）

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