一：SQL*Plus帮助

SQL>help index

Enter Help [topic] for help.

@ COPY PAUSE SHUTDOWN

@@ DEFINE PRINT SPOOL

/ DEL PROMPT SQLPLUS

ACCEPT DESCRIBE QUIT START

APPEND DISCONNECT RECOVER STARTUP

ARCHIVE LOG EDIT REMARK STORE

ATTRIBUTE EXECUTE REPFOOTER TIMING

BREAK EXIT REPHEADER TTITLE

BTITLE GET RESERVED WORDS (SQL) UNDEFINE

CHANGE HELP RESERVED WORDS (PL/SQL) VARIABLE

CLEAR HOST RUN WHENEVER OSERROR

COLUMN INPUT SAVE WHENEVER SQLERROR

COMPUTE LIST SET

CONNECT PASSWORD SHOW

SQL>help EDIT

EDIT

----

Invokes an operating system text editor on the contents of the

specified file or on the contents of the SQL buffer. The buffer

has no command history list and does not record SQL*Plus commands.

ED[IT] [file_name[.ext]]

Not available in iSQL*Plus

SQL>

二：设置SQL*Plus环境

SQL*Plus在启动的时候，会读取$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql这个配置文件，应用此文件中的相关设置。我们可以利用这个文件，来加入一些自己经常用到的命令及设置

1）修改前：

[oracle@ocmu ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 20 22:57:40 2012

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> show linesize

linesize 80

SQL> show serveroutput

serveroutput OFF

SQL> show sqlprompt

sqlprompt "SQL> "

SQL>

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

---------

20-AUG-12

SQL>

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@ocmu ~]$

2）修改glogin.sql

[oracle@ocmu ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql

set termout off -- 控制由文件执行命令所产生的输出的显示，off是禁止显示，on显示输出（默认），修改此设置主要是避免在登陆sqlplus的时候，输出下面命令执行的痕迹

define _editor=vi --设置SQL*Plus的默认编辑器为vi

alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'; --修改会话时间格式

set linesize 100; --设置SQL*Plus显示的宽度为100个字符

set serveroutput on; --打开DBMS_OUTPUT

set sqlprompt "_user'@'_connect_identifier>" --设置SQL*Plus提示符，默认是SQL>

set termout on --显示输出

3）修改后

[oracle@ocmu ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 20 22:59:28 2012

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SYS@ORCL>show linesize

linesize 100

SYS@ORCL>show serveroutput

serveroutput ON SIZE UNLIMITED FORMAT WORD_WRAPPED

SYS@ORCL>show sqlprompt

sqlprompt "_user'@'_connect_identifier>"

SYS@ORCL>select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

-------------------

2012-08-20 22:59:49

SYS@ORCL>exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@ocmu ~]$

三：SCOTT用户的创建

1）典型安装通常包括scott用户，默认情况是锁定的状态，可以通过命令进行解锁，命令如下：

SYS@ORCL>alter user scott account unlock identified by tiger;

User altered.

SYS@ORCL>

2）如果环境中没有scoot用户，那么可以利用oracle自带的脚本进行创建，如下：

SYS@ORCL>select username from dba_users where username='SCOTT';

no rows selected

SYS@ORCL>@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql

Table created.

……

Table created.

……

Commit complete.

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@ocmu ~]$

[oracle@ocmu ~]$ sqlplus scott/tiger

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 20 23:22:37 2012

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SCOTT@ORCL>select tname from tab;

TNAME

------------------------------

EMP

DEPT

BONUS

SALGRADE

SCOTT@ORCL>exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@ocmu ~]$

最后八一下SCOTT这个账户，scott是oracle公司的第一个程序员，在oracle第三版还没完工的时候，这哥们儿就辞职不干了，卖掉了他拥有的4%的股份（现在再看这4%的股份大约是几亿美元），不干的原因很简单，产品的初期，无休止的变更，scott实在忍无可忍了，辞职不干了。

ITPub博客

【环境】SQL*Plus环境设置及SCOTT用户的创建

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