根据Oracle的文档的描述，数据泵采用不同的方式导出导入，性能也会有明显的差别，这次正好有机会测试一下，迁移表空间、直接路径、外部表方式，以及数据库链方式导出、导入的性能差异。

数据泵不同工作方式性能比较（一）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/496368

数据泵不同工作方式性能比较（二）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/496396

这篇测试直接路径导出、导入方式。

首先清除上一篇文章中导入的用户和表空间，并重新建立测试用户和表空间。

SQL> DROP USER TJSQ_NDMAIN CASCADE;

User dropped.

SQL> DROP USER TJSQ_TRADE CASCADE;

User dropped.

SQL> DROP USER TJSQ_GOV CASCADE;

User dropped.

SQL> DROP USER TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER CASCADE;

User dropped.

SQL> DROP USER TJSQ_TRADE_OPER CASCADE;

User dropped.

SQL> DROP TABLESPACE TJSQ INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> DROP TABLESPACE TJSQ_TMP INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;

Tablespace dropped.

下面重新创建用户，并设置权限：

SQL> CREATE USER TJSQ_NDMAIN IDENTIFIED BY TJSQ_NDMAIN;

User created.

SQL> CREATE USER TJSQ_TRADE IDENTIFIED BY TJSQ_TRADE;

User created.

SQL> CREATE USER TJSQ_GOV IDENTIFIED BY TJSQ_GOV;

User created.

SQL> CREATE USER TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER IDENTIFIED BY TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER;

User created.

SQL> CREATE USER TJSQ_TRADE_OPER IDENTIFIED BY TJSQ_TRADE_OPER;

User created.

SQL> GRANT CONNECT TO TJSQ_GOV;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO TJSQ_GOV;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CONNECT TO TJSQ_NDMAIN;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO TJSQ_NDMAIN;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CONNECT TO TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CONNECT TO TJSQ_TRADE;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO TJSQ_TRADE;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CONNECT TO TJSQ_TRADE_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO TJSQ_TRADE_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO TJSQ_GOV;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO TJSQ_NDMAIN;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE DATABASE LINK TO TJSQ_TRADE;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO TJSQ_TRADE;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO TJSQ_TRADE_OPER;

Grant succeeded.

表空间的建立以及数据文件初始化的时间需要单独计时：

SQL> SET TIMING ON
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE TJSQ DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/tjsq/tjsq01.dbf' size 20g,
  2  '/data/oracle/oradata/tjsq/tjsq02.dbf' size 4g;

Tablespace created.

Elapsed: 00:02:07.68
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE TJSQ_TMP DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/tjsq/tjsq_tmp.dbf' size 4g;

Tablespace created.

Elapsed: 00:00:22.19

这个步骤总用时2分30秒。

由于Oracle数据泵的默认导出、导入都是直接路径方式，因此当前的测试不需要进行额外的设置。

下面利用数据泵的导出操作：

[oracle@yans2 dmp]$ expdp system directory=d_dmpdp dumpfile=tjsq_090617.dp schemas=tjsq_trade,tjsq_ndmain,tjsq_gov,tjsq_ndmain_oper,tjsq_trade_oper

Export: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 17 June, 2009 14:29:04

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  system/******** directory=d_dmpdp dumpfile=tjsq_090617.dp schemas=tjsq_trade,tjsq_ndmain,tjsq_gov,tjsq_ndmain_oper,tjsq_trade_oper
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 9.203 GB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLESPACE_QUOTA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYNONYM/SYNONYM
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/ALTER_FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_TABLE_ACTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/MATERIALIZED_VIEW_LOG
. . exported "TJSQ_TRADE"."ORD_HIT_COMM"                 1.180 GB 1508527 rows
. . exported "TJSQ_TRADE"."CON_ITEM_SEND_IND"            829.2 MB 6212238 rows
. . exported "TJSQ_NDMAIN"."PLT_ORG_PLAT"                77.81 KB    1201 rows
.
.
.
. . exported "TJSQ_TRADE_OPER"."WYP_DISABLE_DUP"             0 KB       0 rows
. . exported "TJSQ_TRADE_OPER"."WYP_DISABLE_HEPING14"        0 KB       0 rows
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
  /data/dmp/tjsq_090617.dp
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 14:33:53

导出操作一共执行了4分49秒。

下面利用DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER包，将数据泵的导出文件传送到本地：

SQL> SET TIMING ON
SQL> EXEC DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER.GET_FILE('D_DMPDP', 'tjsq_090617.dp', 'NEWDEMO', 'D_DMP', 'tjsq_090617.dp')

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Elapsed: 00:10:22.92

数据泵导出文件传送到远端花费了10分23秒。

最后利用数据库执行导入操作：

[oracle@tj dmp]$ impdp system dumpfile=tjsq_090617.dp directory=d_dmp logfile=tjsq_imp_direct.log

Import: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production on 星期四, 18 6月, 2009 14:22:51

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  system/******** dumpfile=tjsq_090617.dp directory=d_dmp logfile=tjsq_imp_direct.log
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TJSQ_TRADE_OPER" already exists
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER" already exists
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TJSQ_GOV" already exists
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TJSQ_NDMAIN" already exists
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TJSQ_TRADE" already exists
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLESPACE_QUOTA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYNONYM/SYNONYM
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TJSQ_TRADE"."ORD_HIT_COMM"                 1.180 GB 1508527 rows
. . imported "TJSQ_TRADE"."CON_ITEM_SEND_IND"            829.2 MB 6212238 rows
. . imported "TJSQ_NDMAIN"."PLT_ORG_PLAT"                77.81 KB    1201 rows
. . imported "TJSQ_NDMAIN_OPER"."PLT_ORG_PLAT_090324"    508.3 MB 7202314 rows
.
.
.
. . imported "TJSQ_TRADE_OPER"."WYP_DISABLE_DUP"             0 KB       0 rows
. . imported "TJSQ_TRADE_OPER"."WYP_DISABLE_HEPING14"        0 KB       0 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/ALTER_FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_TABLE_ACTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/MATERIALIZED_VIEW_LOG
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at 14:37:17

导入总共耗时14分26秒。

下面还是更新记录表：

SQL> INSERT INTO T_EXPDP_IMPDP_RECORD VALUES
  2  ('DIRECT', 4*60+49, 10*60+23, 14*60+26, 150, 4*60+49+10*60+23+14*60+26+150);

1 row created.

SQL> COMMIT;

Commit complete.

SQL> SELECT * FROM T_EXPDP_IMPDP_RECORD
  2  WHERE TYPE = 'DIRECT';

TYPE                 EXPDP_TIME TRANS_TIME IMPDP_TIME OTHER_TIME TOTAL_TIME
-------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
DIRECT                      289        623        866        150       1928

SQL> SELECT ROUND(EXPDP_TIME/TOTAL_TIME*100, 2) EXPDP_RATE,
  2  ROUND(TRANS_TIME/TOTAL_TIME*100, 2) TRANS_RATE,
  3  ROUND(IMPDP_TIME/TOTAL_TIME*100, 2) IMPDP_RATE,
  4  ROUND(OTHER_TIME/TOTAL_TIME*100, 2) OTHER_RATE
  5  FROM T_EXPDP_IMPDP_RECORD
  6  WHERE TYPE = 'DIRECT';

EXPDP_RATE TRANS_RATE IMPDP_RATE OTHER_RATE
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
     14.99      32.31      44.92       7.78

可以看到，对于当前的环境直接路径导入方式速度更快，只需要32分8秒，就完成了全部的导入工作。

其中导入部分无疑是最耗时的，占了整个比重的45%，导出占了15%，而网络传播占了32%的时间。