用过11g的人都会发现，11g中alert文件以及trace文件的存放位置都发生了变化。从原来的ORACLE_BASE/admin/INSTANCE_NAME目录变成了ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/DBNAME/INSTANCE_NAME目录。

Oracle之所以修改了这个跨越多个版本都没有修改过的参数设置，就是因为Oracle在11g中推出了ADRCI。这个工具可以统一管理ASM实例和多个数据库实例的alert文件、后台trace文件、用户trace文件，dump文件等等。

而且这个工具可以快速查询错误相关的所有trace文件，并将这些文件打包到一个zip文件，以便将问题相关的信息提供给Oracle的技术支持。

看一下ADRCI工具的简单命令：

C:\Documents and Settings\ytk>adrci

ADRCI: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Beta on 星期日 3月 29 21:23:57 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ADR base = "e:\oracle"
adrci> help

 HELP [topic]
   Available Topics:
        CREATE REPORT
        ECHO
        EXIT
        HELP
        HOST
        IPS
        PURGE
        RUN
        SET BASE
        SET BROWSER
        SET CONTROL
        SET ECHO
        SET EDITOR
        SET HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
        SET TERMOUT
        SHOW ALERT
        SHOW BASE
        SHOW CONTROL
        SHOW HM_RUN
        SHOW HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
        SHOW INCDIR
        SHOW INCIDENT
        SHOW PROBLEM
        SHOW REPORT
        SHOW TRACEFILE
        SPOOL

 There are other commands intended to be used directly by Oracle, type
 "HELP EXTENDED" to see the list

HELP列出了ADRCI工具的所有命令，还可以通过HELP加个别命令的方式来列出这个命令的具体语法，比如：

adrci> HELP IPS

 HELP IPS [topic]
   Available Topics:
        ADD
        ADD FILE
        ADD NEW INCIDENTS
        CHECK REMOTE KEYS
        COPY IN FILE
        COPY OUT FILE
        CREATE PACKAGE
        DELETE PACKAGE
        FINALIZE PACKAGE
        GENERATE PACKAGE
        GET MANIFEST
        GET METADATA
        GET REMOTE KEYS
        PACK
        REMOVE
        REMOVE FILE
        SET CONFIGURATION
        SHOW CONFIGURATION
        SHOW FILES
        SHOW INCIDENTS
        UNPACK FILE
        USE REMOTE KEYS
adrci> HELP IPS ADD

  Usage:  IPS ADD
             [INCIDENT | PROBLEM | PROBLEMKEY |
              SECONDS | TIME TO ]
             PACKAGE

  Purpose: Add incidents to an existing package.

  Arguments:
    :      ID of incident to add to package contents.
    :    ID of problem to add to package contents.
    :   Problem key to add to package contents.
    :    Number of seconds before now for adding package contents .
    : Start of time range to look for incidents in.
    :   End of time range to look for incidents in.
  Example:
    ips add incident 22 package 12

adrci> HELP SHOW PROBLEM

  Usage: SHOW PROBLEM [-p ]
                      [-last | -all]
                      [-orderby (field1, field2, ...) [ASC|DSC]]

  Purpose: Show the problem information. By default, this command will
           only show the last 50 problems.

  Options:
    [-p ]: The predicate string must be double-quoted.
    The field names that users can specify in the predicate are:
        PROBLEM_ID                    number
        PROBLEM_KEY                   text(550)
        FIRST_INCIDENT                number
        FIRSTINC_TIME                 timestamp
        LAST_INCIDENT                 number
        LASTINC_TIME                  timestamp
        IMPACT1                       number
        IMPACT2                       number
        IMPACT3                       number
        IMPACT4                       number
        SERVICE_REQUEST               text(64)
        BUG_NUMBER                    text(64)

    [-last | -all]: This option allows users to either select
    the last of qualified problems to show or to show all the
    qualified problems. If this option is not specified, this command
    will only show 50 incidents.

    [-orderby (field1, field2, ...) [ASC|DSC]]: If specified, the results
    will be ordered by the specified fields' values. By default, it will be
    in the ascending order unless "DSC" is specified. Note that the field
    names that can be specified here are from the "PROBLEM" relation.

  Examples:
    show problem
    show problem -p "problem_id>123"

下面是查询数据库中错误的几个小例子：

adrci> show base
ADR base is "e:\oracle"
adrci> show home
ADR Homes:
diag\clients\user_system\host_3414944083_11
diag\clients\user_unknown\host_3414944083_11
diag\clients\user_unknown\host_411310321_11
diag\clients\user_ytk\host_3414944083_11
diag\rdbms\ytk1110\ytk1110
diag\tnslsnr\ytk-thinkpad\listener
adrci> set home diag\rdbms\ytk1110\ytk1110
adrci> show alert -tail 5
2009-02-25 22:51:17.640000 +08:00
Completed: alter database open
2009-02-25 22:55:26.171000 +08:00
Starting background process CJQ0
CJQ0 started with pid=7, OS id=14428
2009-02-25 22:55:49.796000 +08:00
Errors in file e:\oracle\diag\rdbms\ytk1110\ytk1110\trace\ytk1110_j008_15220.trc
:
ORA-12012: 自动执行作业 11689 出错
ORA-01403: 未找到任何数据
2009-02-25 23:20:39.828000 +08:00
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 75
  Current log# 3 seq# 75 mem# 0: E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\YTK111\REDO03.LOG
2009-02-26 08:31:51.296000 +08:00

***********************************************************************

Fatal NI connect error 12638, connecting to:
 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

  VERSION INFORMATION:
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
Oracle Bequeath NT Protocol Adapter for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Pro
duction
  Time: 26-2月 -2009 08:31:51
  Tracing not turned on.
  Tns error struct:
    ns main err code: 12638

TNS-12638: 身份证明检索失败
    ns secondary err code: 0
    nt main err code: 0
    nt secondary err code: 0
    nt OS err code: 0

除了上面交互式的方式外，还可以调用脚本，或者指定一系列命令来批量执行命令：

C:\Documents and Settings\ytk>adrci -help
Syntax:
   adrci [-help] [script=script_filename]
         [exec = "one_command [;one_command;...]"]

Options      Description                     (Default)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
script       script. file name                (None)
help         help on the command options     (None)
exec         exec a set of commands          (None)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

比如：

C:\Documents and Settings\ytk>adrci exec="show base;show home;set home diag\\rdb
ms\\ytk1110\\ytk1110;show home"
ADR base is "e:\oracle"
ADR Homes:
diag\clients\user_system\host_3414944083_11
diag\clients\user_unknown\host_3414944083_11
diag\clients\user_unknown\host_411310321_11
diag\clients\user_ytk\host_3414944083_11
diag\rdbms\ytk1110\ytk1110
diag\tnslsnr\ytk-thinkpad\listener
ADR Homes:
diag\rdbms\ytk1110\ytk1110