| MariaDB是一个开源的关系型数据库管理系统,它最初被设计为一个向后兼容的、二进制的即插即用的替代MySQL的系统。 |

MariaDB由MySQL的原始开发者和开源社区开发和维护,这里我们来介绍如何在Ubuntu 20.04上安装和保护MariaDB安全配置。
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo apt update wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo apt install mariadb-server
安装完成后,MariaDB服务将自动启动。
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo systemctl status mariadb.service

wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ mysql --version mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.1.44-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.2

MariaDB服务器软件包自带一个名为mysql_secure_installation的 脚本,可以轻松提高数据库服务器的安全性。
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): 直接回车 OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. You already have a root password set, so you can safely answer 'n'. Change the root password? [Y/n] y 设置root用户密码 New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y 删除匿名用户 ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y 禁止root原创连接 ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y 删除默认的test数据库名 - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y 刷新立即生效 ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!

shell与MariaDB交互操作,运行时会提示输入系统用户名的密码
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo mysql [sudo] wuxiangping 的密码: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 49 Server version: 10.1.44-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Ubuntu 18.04 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
默认监听端口是127.0.0.1,需要修改为主机IP
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf bind-address=127.0.0.1 修改为 bind-address=192.168.3.22

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [mysql]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.3.8' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> select host, user from user; #查看MySQL数据库user表

重启mariadb服务
wuxiangping@linuxcool:~$ sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service


连接成功!
原文地址: https://www.linuxprobe.com/ubuntu-install-mariadb.html
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