------sqlserver 查询某个表的列名称、说明、备注、类型等

SELECT 

    表名       = case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,

    表说明     = case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end,

    字段序号   = a.colorder,

    字段名     = a.name,

    标识       = case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,

    主键       = case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and parent_obj=a.id and name in (

                     SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in( SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid))) then '√' else '' end,

    类型       = b.name,

    占用字节数 = a.length,

    长度       = COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),

    小数位数   = isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),

    允许空     = case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,

    默认值     = isnull(e.text,''),

    字段说明   = isnull(g.[value],'')

FROM 

    syscolumns a

left join 

    systypes b 

on 

    a.xusertype=b.xusertype

inner join 

    sysobjects d 

on 

    a.id=d.id  and d.xtype='U' and  d.name<>'dtproperties'

left join 

    syscomments e 

on 

    a.cdefault=e.id

left join 

sys.extended_properties   g 

on 

    a.id=G.major_id and a.colid=g.minor_id  

left join

sys.extended_properties f

on 

    d.id=f.major_id and f.minor_id=0

where 

    d.name='表名'    --如果只查询指定表,加上此where条件，tablename是要查询的表名；去除where条件查询所有的表信息

order by 

    a.id,a.colorder

-----------------------------简易版-----------------------

------查询一个表的所有列名，字段的注释

SELECT

A.name AS table_name,

B.name AS column_name,

C.value AS column_description

FROM sys.tables A

INNER JOIN sys.columns B ON B.object_id = A.object_id

LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties C ON C.major_id = B.object_id AND C.minor_id = B.column_id

WHERE A.name = '表名'