一.nagios在服务器端（监控端）的安装。服务器IP地址：192.168.0.13
1.在安装之前首先检测系统是否安装以下包：httpd php gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel
#rpm -qa | grep httpd
#rpm -qa | grep php
....
#rpm -qa | grep gd
2.创建用户
#useradd nagios
#groupadd nagcmd
#/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios
#/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
3.安装nagios包（此处用3.2.0版本）
#tar zxvf nagios-3.2.0.tar.gz
#cd nagios-3.2.0
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd
#make
#make install
#make install-init
#make install-config
#make install-commandmode
#make install-webconf
4.创建管理用户并启动apache
#htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
passwd:******
此处所创建用户为nagiosadmin,如果为其他用户刚后面要修改文件：/usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg,后面再讲。
#service httpd restart
5.安装nagios-plugins(此处用1.4.13版本)
#tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
#cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
#./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
#make
#make install
6.注册服务，设置开机启动
#chkconfig --add nagios
#chkconfig nagios on
7.此时完成初步安装，可以监控查看本机的一些服务，检测配置文件并启动nagios
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios start
8.登录查看
http://192.168.0.13/nagios/
输入创建的用户名nagiosadmin与设置密码，进去可操作。
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此时只能说完成了最其他的操作，最重要的是配置，我们通过自己的配置可以达到监控自己想要监控的主机服务的目的。我们安装nagios的目
的肯定不仅仅只为了监控一台服务器，而是要监控一个服务系统群组，这里就要用到一个软件nrpe,此软件在监控端和被监控端都要安装才行
，默认使用端口为5666.
########################################################################
二.nagios配置
1.在服务器端安装nrpe(此处使用2.12版本)
#tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
#cd nrpe-2.12
#./configure (因为之前安装了nagios-plugins,所以nrpe默认安装在/usr/local/nagios/下，也就是也nagios-plugins在同一个安装目
录下)
#make all
#make install-plugin
#make install-daemon
#make install-daemon-config
# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
此文件出现，表明安装成功
# ll /usr/local/nagios/
total 24
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:09 bin
drwxrwxr-x 3 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 13:35 etc
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:09 libexec
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 18:57 sbin
drwxrwxr-x 10 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:03 share
drwxrwxr-x 5 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 14:25 var
注意此时，在nagios目录下的所有文件与子目录所有者与所属组都为nagios,但是一个除外,/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.usrs为 root
root,以后再添加的文件也同样为nagios nagios,这里如果出现差错，后面可能会出权限问题。
2.配置nagios主配置文件nagios.cfg
# cat nagios.cfg 只写出改动文件，下同
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
新添加下面4句，指向子文件所在位置
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hostgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/contactgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/services.cfg
# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #注释掉，因为有了hosts.cfg文件
command_check_interval=10s
#command_check_interval=-1 #原来为-1，改成10s
3.由上一步新添加的4句，创建文件hosts.cfg hostgroup.cfg contactgroups.cfg services.cfg
4.配置hosts.cfg hostgroup.cfg contactgroups.cfg
# cat hosts.cfg
define host {
host_name nagios-server #与hostgroup.cfg定义的保持一致
alias nagios server
address 192.168.0.13 #被监控主机IP
contact_groups sagroup #监控用户所在的组名，在contactgroups.cfg定义
check_command check-host-alive #此为一个命令，在objects/commands.cfg中有定义，必须有定义
max_check_attempts 5 #检测次数，一般为3－5次
notification_interval 10 #检测时间间隔，单位为分钟，根据自己情况定
notification_period 24x7 #代表不间断的检测，不能为*,只能为x，下同
notification_options d,u,r #此为状态描述，d-down,u-unreacheable,r-recovery
}
----------------------------------------------------
# cat hostgroup.cfg 定义组与组成员
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name sa-servers
alias sa servers
members nagios-server #（如果有多用户，可以以“，”分隔,不能有空格）
}
----------------------------------------------------
# cat contactgroups.cfg
define contactgroup {
contactgroup_name sagroup
alias system administrator group
members nagiosadmin
}
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
5.配置cgi.cfg
# cat cgi.cfg
use_authentication=0 #改成0表示不对用户进行cgi验证
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin #因为当时创建的管理用户就是nagiosadmin,所以此处不用修改，如果创建用户为其他
，则要修改，如果创建多个用户，可以用“，”分隔。
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin # * 此处即使是其他用户，也不能改动。*
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin
6.配置nrpe.cfg
# cat nrpe.cfg | sed -n '/^[^#]/p'
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666 #端口号，可以改动
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13 #此处是可以连接管理此主机的服务器，也就是监控服务器的IP
dont_blame_nrpe=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
#下面是定义的命令
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 #连接用户数，超过5个warning，10个Cirtical（严重）
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 #负载情况，三个数表示，当前，5分钟内，15分
钟内
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z #使用内存
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 #总内存
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10% #交换分区使用率
command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda3 #磁盘分区使用率
还可以自己定义，通过写脚本来完成，后面再来补充。
7.配置objects/contacts.cfg
# cat objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin
alias system administrator
service_notification_period 24x7
host_notification_period 24x7
service_notification_options w,u,c,r #代表Warning,Unknown,Critical,recovery
host_notification_options d,u,r
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-fetion,notify-service-by-sms #指明报警方式
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-fetion,notify-host-by-sms #同上
email **********@139.com
pager 152******13
}
8.配置 objects/commands.cfg
# cat objects/commands.cfg (一定要定义的列出，其他的不必要变动)
# 'check-host-alive' define command
define command{
command_name check-host-alive
command_line $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w 3000.0,80% -c 5000.0,100% -p 5
}
# 'check_nrpe' define command 这个是要自己定义的，很重要，会影响到services.cfg中的配置
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ # $ARG1$表示check_nrpe后面的命令，如:check_disk
}
# 'notify-host-by-fetion' command definition 飞信报警配置
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-fetion
command_line /usr/local/fetion/fetion --mobile=152******** --pwd=******** --to $CONTACTPAGER$ --msg-utf8="$HOSTNAME$ is$HOSTSTATE$" --debug
}
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-fetion
command_line /usr/local/fetion/fetion --mobile=152******** --pwd=******** --to $CONTACTPAGER$ --msg-
utf8="$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ IS $SERVICESTATE$" --debug
}
# 'notify-host-by-sms' command definition 邮件报警配置
define command {
command_name notify-host-by-sms
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" |/usr/local/sendEmail/sendEmail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
# 'notify-service-by-sms' command definition
define command {
command_name notify-service-bysms
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService:
$SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional
Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$" | /usr/local/sendEmail/sendEmail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/
$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
9.配置services.cfg
#cat services.cfg
###nagios-server:services.cfg###
define service {
host_name nagios-server #主机名一定要与hosts.cfg文件中的定义保持一致
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive #命令为objects/commands.cfg中已经定义的
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_tcp 80
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_tcp!80 #感叹号后面为参数
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_local_disk
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
#check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
此处定义监控6个服务，如果要监控其他主机的服务，也要在这里定义，下面会提到。
10.此时配置完成了一大步，以后再配置也是在这个基础上，会很容易了。
下面就要启动nrpe,重启nagios来检测配置是否成功！
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios restart 启动成功
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Starting up daemon
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Listening for connections on port 5666
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Allowing connections from: 127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13
日志信息出现如上，表明启动成功，测试一下
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.13
NRPE v2.12 会显示nrpe版本号
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.13 -c check_disk
DISK OK - free space: / 242377 MB (87% inode=99%);| /=34099MB;233219;262371;0;291524
能出现这些信息表明成功！
三.安装配置被监控端 192.168.0.61 192.168.0.62 。。。
1.创建用户nagios (在多台主机上作同样的配置，如果要监控其他服务，可以再作处理)
# useradd nagios
2.安装nagios-plugins
# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
# make
# make install
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
2.安装nrpe，版本与监控端保持一致
# tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.12
# ./configure
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
# ll /usr/local/nagios/
total 16
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 11:30 bin
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 13:40 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 11:20 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 21 11:19 share
3.修改配置文件nrpe.cfg
此文件可以从监控端服务器上复制到这里来，因为服务器端都是配置好的文件，我设置的完全一样。
# scp 192.168.0.13:/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
#cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg | grep allowed_hosts
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13 #此处为监控端服务器IP地址
4.启动客户端nrpe
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Starting up daemon
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Listening for connections on port 5666
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Allowing connections from: 127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13
日志信息出现如上，表明启动成功，测试一下
去监控端上测试：
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.61 一定是在监控端上测试的，而不是在刚安装好的客户端上，自己以前在这里犯
过错！！总是报ssl问题。
NRPE v2.12 会显示nrpe版本号
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.61 -c check_load
OK - load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00|load1=0.000;15.000;30.000;0; load5=0.000;10.000;25.000;0; load15=0.000;5.000;20.000;0;
再次成功！
四.去客户端配置hosts.cfg hostgroups.cfg services.cfg来完成对服务器群的监控
在192.168.0.13上
1.配置hosts.cfg
# cat hosts.cfg 增加机器
define host {
host_name nagios-server
alias nagios server
address 192.168.0.13
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
define host {
host_name mysql-server-61
alias mysql server 61
address 192.168.0.61
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
define host {
host_name mysql-server-62
alias mysql server 62
address 192.168.0.62
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
2.配置hostgroups.cfg
# cat hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name sa-servers
alias sa servers
members nagios-server,mysql-server-61,mysql-server-62 #上面提到过这里，把主机成员增加到这里
}
3.配置 services.cfg
[root@localhost etc]# cat services.cfg
##### nagios-server:services.cfg ######
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_tcp 80
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_tcp!80
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_local_disk
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
#check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
#### mysql-server-61:services.cfg ######
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_disk_/dev/sda3
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_swap
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
}
#### mysql-server-62:services.cfg #####
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check_disk_/dev/sda3
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
4.完成配置，检测配置。
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios restart 启动成功
5.进入web监控界面
http://192.168.0.13/nagios/
大功告成！！
1.在安装之前首先检测系统是否安装以下包：httpd php gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel
#rpm -qa | grep httpd
#rpm -qa | grep php
....
#rpm -qa | grep gd
2.创建用户
#useradd nagios
#groupadd nagcmd
#/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios
#/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
3.安装nagios包（此处用3.2.0版本）
#tar zxvf nagios-3.2.0.tar.gz
#cd nagios-3.2.0
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd
#make
#make install
#make install-init
#make install-config
#make install-commandmode
#make install-webconf
4.创建管理用户并启动apache
#htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
passwd:******
此处所创建用户为nagiosadmin,如果为其他用户刚后面要修改文件：/usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg,后面再讲。
#service httpd restart
5.安装nagios-plugins(此处用1.4.13版本)
#tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
#cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
#./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
#make
#make install
6.注册服务，设置开机启动
#chkconfig --add nagios
#chkconfig nagios on
7.此时完成初步安装，可以监控查看本机的一些服务，检测配置文件并启动nagios
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios start
8.登录查看
http://192.168.0.13/nagios/
输入创建的用户名nagiosadmin与设置密码，进去可操作。
########################################################################
此时只能说完成了最其他的操作，最重要的是配置，我们通过自己的配置可以达到监控自己想要监控的主机服务的目的。我们安装nagios的目
的肯定不仅仅只为了监控一台服务器，而是要监控一个服务系统群组，这里就要用到一个软件nrpe,此软件在监控端和被监控端都要安装才行
，默认使用端口为5666.
########################################################################
二.nagios配置
1.在服务器端安装nrpe(此处使用2.12版本)
#tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
#cd nrpe-2.12
#./configure (因为之前安装了nagios-plugins,所以nrpe默认安装在/usr/local/nagios/下，也就是也nagios-plugins在同一个安装目
录下)
#make all
#make install-plugin
#make install-daemon
#make install-daemon-config
# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
此文件出现，表明安装成功
# ll /usr/local/nagios/
total 24
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:09 bin
drwxrwxr-x 3 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 13:35 etc
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:09 libexec
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 18:57 sbin
drwxrwxr-x 10 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 19:03 share
drwxrwxr-x 5 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 14:25 var
注意此时，在nagios目录下的所有文件与子目录所有者与所属组都为nagios,但是一个除外,/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.usrs为 root
root,以后再添加的文件也同样为nagios nagios,这里如果出现差错，后面可能会出权限问题。
2.配置nagios主配置文件nagios.cfg
# cat nagios.cfg 只写出改动文件，下同
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
新添加下面4句，指向子文件所在位置
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hostgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/contactgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/services.cfg
# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #注释掉，因为有了hosts.cfg文件
command_check_interval=10s
#command_check_interval=-1 #原来为-1，改成10s
3.由上一步新添加的4句，创建文件hosts.cfg hostgroup.cfg contactgroups.cfg services.cfg
4.配置hosts.cfg hostgroup.cfg contactgroups.cfg
# cat hosts.cfg
define host {
host_name nagios-server #与hostgroup.cfg定义的保持一致
alias nagios server
address 192.168.0.13 #被监控主机IP
contact_groups sagroup #监控用户所在的组名，在contactgroups.cfg定义
check_command check-host-alive #此为一个命令，在objects/commands.cfg中有定义，必须有定义
max_check_attempts 5 #检测次数，一般为3－5次
notification_interval 10 #检测时间间隔，单位为分钟，根据自己情况定
notification_period 24x7 #代表不间断的检测，不能为*,只能为x，下同
notification_options d,u,r #此为状态描述，d-down,u-unreacheable,r-recovery
}
----------------------------------------------------
# cat hostgroup.cfg 定义组与组成员
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name sa-servers
alias sa servers
members nagios-server #（如果有多用户，可以以“，”分隔,不能有空格）
}
----------------------------------------------------
# cat contactgroups.cfg
define contactgroup {
contactgroup_name sagroup
alias system administrator group
members nagiosadmin
}
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
5.配置cgi.cfg
# cat cgi.cfg
use_authentication=0 #改成0表示不对用户进行cgi验证
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin #因为当时创建的管理用户就是nagiosadmin,所以此处不用修改，如果创建用户为其他
，则要修改，如果创建多个用户，可以用“，”分隔。
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin # * 此处即使是其他用户，也不能改动。*
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin
6.配置nrpe.cfg
# cat nrpe.cfg | sed -n '/^[^#]/p'
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666 #端口号，可以改动
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13 #此处是可以连接管理此主机的服务器，也就是监控服务器的IP
dont_blame_nrpe=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
#下面是定义的命令
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 #连接用户数，超过5个warning，10个Cirtical（严重）
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 #负载情况，三个数表示，当前，5分钟内，15分
钟内
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z #使用内存
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 #总内存
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10% #交换分区使用率
command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda3 #磁盘分区使用率
还可以自己定义，通过写脚本来完成，后面再来补充。
7.配置objects/contacts.cfg
# cat objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin
alias system administrator
service_notification_period 24x7
host_notification_period 24x7
service_notification_options w,u,c,r #代表Warning,Unknown,Critical,recovery
host_notification_options d,u,r
service_notification_commands notify-service-by-fetion,notify-service-by-sms #指明报警方式
host_notification_commands notify-host-by-fetion,notify-host-by-sms #同上
email **********@139.com
pager 152******13
}
8.配置 objects/commands.cfg
# cat objects/commands.cfg (一定要定义的列出，其他的不必要变动)
# 'check-host-alive' define command
define command{
command_name check-host-alive
command_line $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w 3000.0,80% -c 5000.0,100% -p 5
}
# 'check_nrpe' define command 这个是要自己定义的，很重要，会影响到services.cfg中的配置
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ # $ARG1$表示check_nrpe后面的命令，如:check_disk
}
# 'notify-host-by-fetion' command definition 飞信报警配置
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-fetion
command_line /usr/local/fetion/fetion --mobile=152******** --pwd=******** --to $CONTACTPAGER$ --msg-utf8="$HOSTNAME$ is$HOSTSTATE$" --debug
}
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-fetion
command_line /usr/local/fetion/fetion --mobile=152******** --pwd=******** --to $CONTACTPAGER$ --msg-
utf8="$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ IS $SERVICESTATE$" --debug
}
# 'notify-host-by-sms' command definition 邮件报警配置
define command {
command_name notify-host-by-sms
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" |/usr/local/sendEmail/sendEmail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
# 'notify-service-by-sms' command definition
define command {
command_name notify-service-bysms
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService:
$SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional
Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$" | /usr/local/sendEmail/sendEmail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/
$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
9.配置services.cfg
#cat services.cfg
###nagios-server:services.cfg###
define service {
host_name nagios-server #主机名一定要与hosts.cfg文件中的定义保持一致
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive #命令为objects/commands.cfg中已经定义的
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_tcp 80
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_tcp!80 #感叹号后面为参数
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_local_disk
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
#check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
此处定义监控6个服务，如果要监控其他主机的服务，也要在这里定义，下面会提到。
10.此时配置完成了一大步，以后再配置也是在这个基础上，会很容易了。
下面就要启动nrpe,重启nagios来检测配置是否成功！
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios restart 启动成功
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Starting up daemon
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Listening for connections on port 5666
Jul 22 16:25:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Allowing connections from: 127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13
日志信息出现如上，表明启动成功，测试一下
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.13
NRPE v2.12 会显示nrpe版本号
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.13 -c check_disk
DISK OK - free space: / 242377 MB (87% inode=99%);| /=34099MB;233219;262371;0;291524
能出现这些信息表明成功！
三.安装配置被监控端 192.168.0.61 192.168.0.62 。。。
1.创建用户nagios (在多台主机上作同样的配置，如果要监控其他服务，可以再作处理)
# useradd nagios
2.安装nagios-plugins
# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
# make
# make install
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
2.安装nrpe，版本与监控端保持一致
# tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.12
# ./configure
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
# ll /usr/local/nagios/
total 16
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 11:30 bin
drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 22 13:40 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 21 11:20 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 21 11:19 share
3.修改配置文件nrpe.cfg
此文件可以从监控端服务器上复制到这里来，因为服务器端都是配置好的文件，我设置的完全一样。
# scp 192.168.0.13:/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
#cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg | grep allowed_hosts
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13 #此处为监控端服务器IP地址
4.启动客户端nrpe
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Starting up daemon
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Listening for connections on port 5666
Jul 22 16:41:16 localhost nrpe[14911]: Allowing connections from: 127.0.0.1,192.168.0.13
日志信息出现如上，表明启动成功，测试一下
去监控端上测试：
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.61 一定是在监控端上测试的，而不是在刚安装好的客户端上，自己以前在这里犯
过错！！总是报ssl问题。
NRPE v2.12 会显示nrpe版本号
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.61 -c check_load
OK - load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00|load1=0.000;15.000;30.000;0; load5=0.000;10.000;25.000;0; load15=0.000;5.000;20.000;0;
再次成功！
四.去客户端配置hosts.cfg hostgroups.cfg services.cfg来完成对服务器群的监控
在192.168.0.13上
1.配置hosts.cfg
# cat hosts.cfg 增加机器
define host {
host_name nagios-server
alias nagios server
address 192.168.0.13
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
define host {
host_name mysql-server-61
alias mysql server 61
address 192.168.0.61
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
define host {
host_name mysql-server-62
alias mysql server 62
address 192.168.0.62
contact_groups sagroup
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
2.配置hostgroups.cfg
# cat hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name sa-servers
alias sa servers
members nagios-server,mysql-server-61,mysql-server-62 #上面提到过这里，把主机成员增加到这里
}
3.配置 services.cfg
[root@localhost etc]# cat services.cfg
##### nagios-server:services.cfg ######
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_tcp 80
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_tcp!80
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_local_disk
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
#check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name nagios-server
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
#### mysql-server-61:services.cfg ######
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_total_procs
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_disk_/dev/sda3
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_load
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-61
service_description check_swap
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
}
#### mysql-server-62:services.cfg #####
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check-host-alive
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check-host-alive
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check_users
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service {
host_name mysql-server-62
service_description check_disk_/dev/sda3
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 4
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
4.完成配置，检测配置。
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
出现此处，表明，配置文件没有错误，可以启动nagios
#service nagios restart 启动成功
5.进入web监控界面
http://192.168.0.13/nagios/
大功告成！！
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/31448824/viewspace-2137651/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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