相关学习资料：

SAPTEC (SAP NetWeaver Application Server Fundamentals)

ADM100 Administration AS ABAP I   (SAP NetWeaver) ADM100_EN_Col62 2008.pdf
ADM200 Administration AS JAVA I   (SAP NetWeaver)
ADM505及ADM506： Database Administration Oracle I%II.

Unite 1 Fundamentals
(1)ICM:  Internet Communication Manager
(2)ABAP istance has shared(main) memory areas and its own directory structure
(3)Dispatcher负责启动本实例中的其它进程。
(4)一个(ABAP)实例只有一个(ABAP)进程。
(5)一个实例至少要分配两个dialog work process.
(6)默认instance number是00，端口3200，但是当有多个实例在同一台主机上时，则可以按3201，3202的形式顺延。
(7)在众多实例中，包含有ABAP Message Server的进程称为中央进程(central instance)，ABAP Message Server比dispatcher先启动起来，而

且central instance也是唯一可以提供enqueueu工作进程的实例。
(8)注意central instance与ASCS(ABAP Central Service Instance)是同。
(9)一个实例也可认为是一个application server。
(10)An JAVA instance requres a minimum of one server process.
(11)SDM: Software Deployment Manager.
(12)Java Central Serive Instance(CS),this CS instance offers the Java Message Server and Enqueue Server.
(13)The Java Central Instance and The CS instance are located on a shared host.
(14)The ASCS instance enables you to separate the ABAP Message Server and the ABAP Equeue Service from the ABAP central

instance.
(15)the Java Message Server and the Java Enqueue Server are stored in the Java Central Service instaces.
(16)Note 1010990及 Note 1011190有更多讲ASCS intance的。
(17)相关信息：
 SAP Note 21960: Several instances/systems on one UNIX computer.
 SAP Note 38412: How many work processes to configure.
 SAP Note 9942: Maxmum number of work processes.
(18)The multiplexing procedure is used exclusively for dialog work process. All other work process types process entire

functions; that is, complete business processes.
(19)<>saplogon.ini sapmsg.ini saprouter.ini
    --SAP GUI directory
    --Windows directory
   <>services (Windows)
    --WINDOWS\system32\dirvers\etc\services
(20)The ports 3298 and 329 are assigned to the programs niping and saprouter, however, and cannot therefore be used.
3200~3299，前两个数字‘32’固定，后面如果有多个实例安装在同一台机器上，则分别按：3200,3201,3202这样排，00，01，02则分别是三个

实例的‘系统编号’。
(21)SAP Note:161053, Using SAPGUI in WAN.
    SAP Note:38119, Saplogon: Administration of Functionality
(22)SAP GUI Connect String  P30，有些小复杂，需要时细看。
(23)Using Logon Groups (TX:SMLG)
SAP Note: 113440 Default logon group 'SPACE' for load balancing
SAP Note: 64015 Description of test program lgtst
SAP Note: 986373 RFC load distribution
SAP Note: 118093 Concepts of defining 'limits' in logon load balancing
SAP Note: 51789 Poor user distribution in logon distribution
SAP Note: 649008 Http load balancing using the SAP message server
SAP Note: 888279 Regulating/distributing the workflow load
(24)Common Administration Tasks
sm04 al08   user list
sm51 display application servers
sm37 backgroud job overview
sm50 sm66 manage work processes
sm12 manage lock entries
sm13 manage update records
sm21 analyze system log
sm02 send system messages
rz20 (Cross-System) Monioring
(25)You can therefor use several enqueue work processes in an SAP system,but only one lock table.
(26)Deleting locks by users:  方法一：sm04 ‘end user session’；方法二:sm12
 update及backgroud work process也有可能产生锁。  详见：P43
(27)Update Mechanisms in SAP System(ABAP)  P47
 tiem-critical, primary V1 updates,  non-time-critical,secondary V2 updates
 SM14(update administration) is used for administrating the update system as a whole.
Incomplete update records have no significance, but occupy space on the database. If the parameter rdisp/vbreorg is set to 1,

a reorganization takes place every time the update server is started.
(28)ABAP Message Server的主要任务：(a)Distrution of logon load through logon groups. (b)Enable certain work process types to

be used across all instances.
TCode: RZ03,SMLG,SMMS
SAP Note: 174911 -Determining the hardware key(HW key) here too.
SAP Note: 751873 -Problem analysis during the HTTP load distribution.
SAP Note: 636938 -Description of msprot test program and in the SAP Library.
SAP Note: 396750 -Enhanced trace options for Message Server
SAP Note: 597939 -Displaying the patch level for all application server,report: RSMONREL_ALV
SAP Note: 821875 -Security settings in the message server
SAP Note: 821904 -Separating SCS instance for ABAP and J2EE

Unit 2 Starting and Stopping the AS ABAP
(1)SAP启动顺序：DB,CS Instance,Central Instance,Other Instance.
(2)Central Service Instance: 对于AS JAVA包含了Enqueue Service及Message Service，Central Service Instance作为一个独立的实例启

动。
(3)启动CI时，SAPOSCOL也会启动，用于收集OS数据，如果未成功，可用ST06在SAP中将其运行起来。SAPOSCOL收集的数据在共享内存中可供所

有SAP实例使用。
(4)CI启动时，message server及dispatcher还有work processes也会启动起来，如果参数中进行了配置,dispatch也会将ICM及JAVA的相关进程

一起启动起来。
(5)在WINDOWS中，用sapstartsrv这个服务在启动SAP。SAP Note: 927637 -Web service authentication in sapstartsrv as fo 7.00.
(6)startsap命令来启动。
(7)SAP启动后，可以在OS层看到一些进程：saposcol.exe,msg_server.exe,gwrd.exe,icman.exe及多个disp+work.exe，还有一些Java相关的

jlaunch或jcontrol进程。
(8)SAP相关Notes: 936273,927637,823941,995116。
(9)System Sart Logs and Trace files。
(10)如果系统无法启动，检查OS错误、检查DB错误，检查受影响实例的Traces文件，检查SAP Service创建的stderr<n>文件，检查SAP work

process的相关trace文件：
dev_ms: message server的，dev_rd: gateway的，dev_disp: dispatcher的，dev_w<n>，工作进程n。
   如果你还可以登陆SAP，用SM21检查SAP的sys log。
(11)停机前要注意检查的：SM04(Active Users),SM37(Backgroud Processing)，SM35(Batch Input)，SM13(Update)，SM02(通知消息)。
(12)RZ03 CCMS.
(13)在MS平台下，可以在MC（控制台）或CL(命令行)启停SAP。
(14)SAPOSCOL: Collects performance data for one or more SAP instaces and runs once for each host.
(15)工作进程类型及数量、主内存等设置情况见：\\<SAPGLOBALHOST>\sapmnt\<SID>\sys\profile
(16)rdisp/TRACE profile决定了Log的记录级别。

Unit 3 Introduction to System Configration
(1)SAP system has three system profiles: (\usr\sap<SID>\SYS\profile)
   >Start profile
   >Default profile
   >Instance profile
(2)View of system parameters: RZ11 或 RSPFPAR (dispaly a list of allinstance-specific system parameteres)
TPFYPROPTY (se16)
(3)dialog, bacth, enqueue, update, spool
(4)Report RSPFPAR.
Name of the local app server: rdisp/myname
Dialog: rdisp/wp_no_dia
Batch: rdisp/wp_no_btc
Enqueue: rdisp/wp_no_enq
Update: rdisp/wp_no_vb
Spool: rdisp/wp_no_spo
Maximum runtime of a process step within a dialog process: rdisp/max_wprun_time
(5)修改参数文件有可能导致SAP无法启动，SAP建议在SAP中修改且修改前做好备份，这样更安全可靠。
(6)Basic Maintenance与Extended Maintenance的区别与联系？ P116  修改后还进行一致性检查，最后需要Active。
(7)Concept of Operation Modes  RZ04  SM63(Time Table)  RZ03(Control Panel)
 RZL_PERFORM_BA_SWITCH:  function module, you can trigger an operation mode switch from the functon module.
 SM63: Operaton Mode Calendar.
(8) 可以用RZ10检查所有profiles的一致性及语法错误。

Unite 4 Access to Help
(1)SAP Notes: 585378 -Application help with Java GUI on Unix
(2)SR13: Setting Variants for Help.
(3)SAP Notes: 94849  SAPDOCCD.INI
(4)SAP Library
   http://help.sap.com  
   http://service.sap.com
   SAP Notes: 94849, 95309, 101481, 302459, 333584。

Unite 5 Fundamentals of Working with the Database
(1)database planning calendar: DB13。
(2)The data is stored in the data files: Access to the data alwasys takces place using the buffer in main memory.
(3)ADM5## 系列的PDF讲的是DB相关的课程。
(4)关于DB Back pu Cycle：SAP recommands that the duraton of a backpu cycle is 28 days. This means that the backupp media for

the data and log info backups are overwirrten after 28 dyas, at the ealiest.
(5)Scheduling and Monitoring Backups via DB13. 还可以用DB12显示其它信息。
(6)Checks can:
  >Generaton of statistical data to ensure good performance when accessing data records.
  >Growth of the database (such as free space)
  >Check general database progblems or errors.
(7)Cost Based Optimizer 会用到statistical data.
(8)The statistics contain information abou the number of the entries in the table, the number of blocks that are occupied by

the table and the indexes, and the selectivity of the values of the individual table fields.
(9)ADM505及ADM506： Database Administration Oracle I%II.
(10)To minimize the risk of data loss, SAP strongly  recommands a daily complete data backup. If you use a partial data back

as your daily backup, you must perform a complete data backup at least once a week. In addition to a complete data backup,

you should, of course, also back up the log information at least once a day.