在MySQL5.7之前的版本中,函数索引是无法用到索引的,也不支持虚拟列,下边的SQL执行时候回进行全表扫描:
select * from t1 where mod(mode_id,8)=1
MySQL5.7支持虚拟列,并且可以使用函数索引。
确定数据库版本:
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mysql> select version();
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+------------+
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| version() |
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+------------+
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| 5.7.18-log |
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+------------+
查看表结构:
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mysql> show create table t_func_mod \G
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*************************** 1. row ***************************
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Table: t_func_mod
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Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t_func_mod` (
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`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
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`mod_id` int(11) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ((`id` % 8)) VIRTUAL,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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KEY `idx_mod_id` (`mod_id`)
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
插入测试数据:
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(1,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(2,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(3,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(4,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(5,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(6,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(7,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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mysql> insert into t_func_mod values(8,default);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
注意:插入数据时候,虚拟列要使用default,否则会报错。
查看测试表数据:
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mysql> select * from t_func_mod;
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+----+--------+
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| id | mod_id |
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+----+--------+
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| 8 | 0 |
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| 1 | 1 |
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| 2 | 2 |
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| 3 | 3 |
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| 4 | 4 |
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| 5 | 5 |
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| 6 | 6 |
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| 7 | 7 |
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+----+--------+
通过explain查看执行计划,已经使用到了索引:
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mysql> explain select * from t_func_mod where mod_id=5;
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+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
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| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
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+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
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| 1 | SIMPLE | t_func_mod | NULL | ref | idx_mod_id | idx_mod_id | 5 | const | 1 | 100.00 | Using index |
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+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:https://blog.itpub.net/30135314/viewspace-2144560/
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