某天晚上，被告之数据库不能正常使用，sqlplus登陆的时候，报错，没有空间，然后去服务器上看，df，果然100%。这就是把数据文件和oracle安装目录装一起的坏处。忍痛删掉几kb文件之后，能用dba登陆，然后想到个方案，把数据文件转移到空闲的其他区。用mv命令，转移之后依然100%。绝望的把对应的tablespace rename在新位置，并且online之后，关库，重启服务器，发现df能正确的显示百分比了，随即一点一点的挪完。途中还碰到ORA-01525 ora-01533 等错误，在rename的时候，只能不移对应的数据文件，还原回去online。

收集一下网上正确移动数据文件的方法如下：

如果数据库处于非归档模式下，可以通过如下步骤更改文件路径:
1.关闭数据库
2.系统级进行文件复制
3.启动数据库到mount状态
3.通过SQL修改数据文件位置
4.打开数据库
以下是实际操作的步骤示范：

1.数据库处于非归档模式

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive
Oldest online log sequence     150
Current log sequence           153

2.需要移动test.dbf文件

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/test.dbf

3.关闭数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

4.复制文件到新的位置

SQL> ! cp /opt/oracle/test.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/test.dbf

5.启动数据库到mount状态

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  101782828 bytes
Fixed Size                   451884 bytes
Variable Size              37748736 bytes
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
-----------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/test.dbf

6.修改文件位置

SQL> alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/test.dbf' to '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/test.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.


SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/test.dbf

SQL>

采用offline的方式
第一步,将表空间offline
alter tablespace tablespace_name offline;
第二步,cp文件到新的目录并rename修改控制文件
第三步,将相应表空间online
当然这种方式同样会影响期间的表空间使用。

以下是简单的示范步骤:
1.将表空间offline

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Nov 12 18:14:21 2005

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive
Oldest online log sequence     6
Current log sequence           9
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
---------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf

SQL> alter tablespace users offline;

Tablespace altered.

2.拷贝相应的数据文件

SQL> ! cp /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

SQL> alter tablespace users rename datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf'
     to '/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';

Tablespace altered.

3.将表空间online

SQL> alter tablespace users online;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

当然还有一些其他的方法可以采用.

以上两种方法，可能在要求较高的24x7系统中不适合采用，因为会使表空间长时间不可用。
特别是当表空间数据文件巨大时，物理拷贝可能需要较长的时间。

本文推荐另外一种方法，可以做一个折中,以下是一个简单的步骤说明:
1.将表空间置于只读
只读状态可以使数据仍然可为用户访问.
alter tablespace tablespace_name read only;
2.物理拷贝文件
3.将表空间offline
alter tablespace tablespace_name offline;
4.rename数据文件
alter database rename file 'old_dir_file' to 'new_dir_file';
5.将表空间联机
alter tablespace tablespace_name online;
6.将表空间置于read write模式
alter tablespace tablespace_name read write;
以下是示范步骤:

1.将表空间置于只读状态

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Nov 12 21:10:49 2005

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive
Oldest online log sequence     7
Next log sequence to archive   10
Current log sequence           10
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf

SQL> alter tablespace users read only;

Tablespace altered.

2.物理拷贝文件

SQL> ! cp /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

3.将表空间脱机

SQL> alter tablespace users offline;

Tablespace altered.

4.修改文件名称

SQL> alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf' to '/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';

Database altered.

5.将表空间联机

SQL> alter tablespace users online;

Tablespace altered.

6.将表空间置于读写状态

SQL> alter tablespace users read write;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

SQL>

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