1、首先安装依赖包，避免在安装过程中出现问题

shell> yum install gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf libtool make
shell> yum install readline-devel
shell> yum install zlib-devel

2、创建postgre用户及用户组

shell> groupadd postgre
shell> useradd -g postgre postgre   
shell> passwd postgre                #修改密码
shell> id postgre
uid=500(postgre) gid=501(postgre) 组=501(postgre)

3、编译安装postgre

shell> tar zxvf postgresql-9.3.6.tar.gz
shell> cd postgresql-9.3.6
shell> ./configure --prefix=/db/pgsql
shell> make && make install  
PostgreSQL installation complete.

4、设置数据库目录权限并初始化数据库

shell> mkdir -p /db/pgsql/data
shell> chown -R postgre.postgre /db/pgsql/
shell> cp contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/rc.d/init.d/postgresql
shell> su - postgre

# 初始化数据库
shell> /db/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /db/pgsql/data/
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgre".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "zh_CN.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "zh_CN.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /db/pgsql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
creating configuration files ... ok
creating template1 database in /db/pgsql/data/base/1 ... ok
initializing pg_authid ... ok
initializing dependencies ... ok
creating system views ... ok
loading system objects' descriptions ... ok
creating collations ... ok
creating conversions ... ok
creating dictionaries ... ok
setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok
creating information schema ... ok
loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok
vacuuming database template1 ... ok
copying template1 to template0 ... ok
copying template1 to postgres ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    /db/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /db/pgsql/data/
or
    /db/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /db/pgsql/data/ -l logfile start

5、设置环境变量

shell> vi .bash_profile
==================================================================
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/db/pgsql/bin
export PGDATA=/db/pgsql/data
export PGHOME=/db/pgsql
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
export PGPORT=5432
export PATH
==================================================================
shell> source .bash_profile

6、开启postgre服务

shell> pg_ctl -D /db/pgsql/data/ -l /db/pgsql/log/logfile start 
server starting

shell> tail -f /db/pgsql/logfile
LOG:  database system was shut down at 2015-04-20 17:59:36 CST
LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

7、测试连接数据库

shell> createdb mydb
shell> psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -U postgre -W mydb
Password for user postgre: 
psql (9.3.6)
Type "help" for help.

mydb=# 

# 显示当前数据库
mydb=# \l
                                List of databases
   Name    |  Owner  | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |  Access privileges  
-----------+---------+----------+-------------+-------------+---------------------
 mydb      | postgre | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgre | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgre | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgre         +
           |         |          |             |             | postgre=CTc/postgre
 template1 | postgre | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgre         +
           |         |          |             |             | postgre=CTc/postgre
(4 rows)

# 退出命令行
mydb=# \q

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