Snowflake算法核心

把时间戳，工作机器id，序列号组合在一起。

除了最高位bit标记为不可用以外，其余三组bit占位均可浮动，看具体的业务需求而定。
默认情况下41bit的时间戳可以支持该算法使用到2082年，10bit的工作机器id可以支持1023台机器，序列号支持1毫秒产生4095个自增序列id。

public class IdWorker {
private final long twepoch = 1288834974657L;
private final long workerIdBits = 5L;
private final long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
private final long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
private final long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
private final long sequenceBits = 12L;
private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
private final long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
private final long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
private long workerId;
private long datacenterId;
private long sequence = 0L;
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
public synchronized long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
throw new RuntimeException(String.format(
"Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
if (sequence == 0) {
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
} else {
sequence = 0L;
}
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift)
| (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;
}
protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
protected long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
IdWorker idWorker = new IdWorker(0, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
long id = idWorker.nextId();
System.out.println(id);
}
}
}

原来设计的ID生成方式
http://blog.itpub.net/29254281/viewspace-1811711/

Snowflake有几个缺点
1.对于机器数量有限制
2.服务器时间一旦变更,比如回退时间.可能造成ID冲突
3.对于MySQL来说,应该还是我的那种方式Insert更快.但是没有具体验证.

参考:
http://www.lanindex.com/twitter-snowflake%EF%BC%8C64%E4%BD%8D%E8%87%AA%E5%A2%9Eid%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/

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