Connecting to the server The database user used to connect to the server and its password are specified by the --user and --password option,

CHAPTER THREE

$ innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=SECRET /path/to/backup/dir/
$ innobackupex --user=LUKE  --password=US3TH3F0RC3 --stream=t 

除此之外还要 

			

				
				

					
				
					
					

						
						

							
							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											Option  
										

									

								

							

							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											Description  
										

									

								

							

						

						

							
							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											–port  
										

									

								

							

							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											The port to use when connecting to the database server with TCP/IP.  
										

									

								

							

						

						

							
							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											–socket  
										

									

								

							

							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											The socket to use when connecting to the local database.  
										

									

								

							

						

						

							
							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											–host  
										

									

								

							

							

								
								

									
									

										
										

											The host to use when connecting to the database server with TCP/IP.  
										

									

								

							

						

					

				

			
全备份

$ innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/ 

			

				
				

					
					

						
通常执行上面的命令会生成带时间戳的备份目录
/path/to/BACKUP-DIR/2013-03-25_00-00-09 

						

							
							

								
								

									
									

										如果不带时间戳的备份目录的 $ innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/ --no-timestamp 
以上的全备是不能立刻使用的，还要回滚所有未提交的事务，在全备后使用以下数据 $ innobackupex --apply-log /path/to/BACKUP-DIR   全备的恢复 $ innobackupex --copy-back /path/to/BACKUP-DIR 
									

									

										
										

											
											

												这里需要注意的是恢复的指定目录是要求空的，另外注意恢复目录的权限 $ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql 
												

													
													

														
														

															增量备份
 基于全备或者上一次增量备份
															

																
																

																	
																	

																		
																		

																			$ innobackupex --incremental /data/backups --incremental-basedir=BASEDIR 
增量备份结束后 Preparing an Incremental Backup with innobackupex Preparing incremental backups is a bit different than full
																		

																		

																			
																			

																				
																				

																					
																					

																						ones. This is, perhaps, the stage where more attention is needed:
																					

																					

																						First, only the committed transactions must be replayed on each backup. This will merge the base full
backup with the incremental ones.
																					

																					

																						Then, the uncommitted transaction must be rolled back in order to have a ready-to-use backup.
																					

																					

																						If you replay the committed transactions and rollback the uncommitted ones on the base backup, you will not be able
to add the incremental ones. If you do this on an incremental one, you won’t be able to add data from that moment
and the remaining increments.
																					

																					

																						Having this in mind, the procedure is very straight-forward using the --redo-only option, starting with the base
backup: innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only BASE-DIR 
																					

上面的官方说明增量备份的恢复过程实际上是不断使用全备份合并增量备份，如下：
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only BASE-DIR 

																					

																						innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only BASE-DIR --incremental-dir=INCREMENTAL-DIR-1 
																					

																					

																						innobackupex --apply-log BASE-DIR --incremental-dir=INCREMENTAL-DIR-2 
																					

																					

																						当合并完所有的增量备份后，开始回滚所有未提交的事务 
																					

																					

																						innobackupex --apply-log BASE-DIR 部分备份
																					

 
																					

																						
																						

																							
																							

																								
																								

																									Using the --include option The regular expression provided to this will be matched against the fully qualified
table name, including the database name, in the form databasename.tablename.
																								

																								

																									For example,
																								

																								

																									
																									

																										
																										

																											
$ innobackupex --include='^mydatabase[.]mytable' /path/to/backup 
																										
																									
																								
																								

																									

																								
																								

																									The command above will create a timestamped directory with the usual files that innobackupex creates, but only the
data files related to the tables matched.
																								
																								

																									Notethatthisoptionispassedtoxtrabackup --tablesandismatchedagainsteachtableofeachdatabase,the
directories of each database will be created even if they are empty.
																								
																								

																									Using the --tables-file option The text file provided (the path) to this option can contain multiple table
names, one per line, in the databasename.tablename format.
																								
																								

																									For example,
																								
																								

																									

																										

$ echo "mydatabase.mytable" > /tmp/tables.txt 
																										
																									
																								
																								

																									

																										

$ innobackupex --tables-file=/tmp/tables.txt /path/to/backup 
																										
																									
																								
																								

																									

																								
																								

																									The command above will create a timestamped directory with the usual files that innobackupex creates, but only
containing the data-files related to the tables specified in the file.
																								
																								

																									This option is passed to xtrabackup --tables-file and, unlike the --tables option, only directories of
databases of the selected tables will be created.
																								
																								

																									Using the --databases option This option accepts either a space-separated list of the databases and tables to
backup - in the databasename[.tablename] form - or a file containing the list at one element per line.
																								
																								

																									For example, 
																								
																							
																						
																					
																					

																						

																							

$ innobackupex --databases="mydatabase.mytable mysql" /path/to/backup 
																							
																						
																					
要准备能进行使用的部分备份
 
																					

																						
																						

																							
																							

																								
$ innobackupex --apply-log --export /path/to/partial/backup 
																							
																						
																					
执行以上命令后你会在备份的数据库目录中看到如下文件
 
																					

																						
																						

																							
																							

																								
																								

																									
/data/backups/mysql/test/export_test.exp
/data/backups/mysql/test/export_test.ibd
/data/backups/mysql/test/export_test.cfg 
接下来



																									

																										

																											

																												

																													Importing tables To import a table to other server, first create a new table with the same structure as the one that
will be imported at that server:
																												
OTHERSERVER|mysql> CREATE TABLE mytable (...) ENGINE=InnoDB; 
																												

																													then discard its tablespace:
																												
OTHERSERVER|mysql> ALTER TABLE mydatabase.mytable DISCARD TABLESPACE; 
																												

																													After this, copy mytable.ibd and mytable.exp ( or mytable.cfg if importing to MySQL 5.6) files to
database’s home, and import its tablespace:
																												
OTHERSERVER|mysql> ALTER TABLE mydatabase.mytable IMPORT TABLESPACE; 
																												

																													Once this is executed, data in the imported table will be available.