命令：
pv
pvcreate,pvremove,pvscan,pvs,pvdisplay,pvmove
gv
vgcreate,vgremove,vgextend,vgreduce,vgs,vgdisplay,vgscan
lv
lvcreate,lvremove,lvextend,lvreduce,lvresize,lvs,lvdisplay
1 创建LVM类型磁盘分区
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[root@ray ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9c871455
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 263 524 2104515 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9c871455
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2 263 524 2104515 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 2 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9c871455
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 262 2104483+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2 263 524 2104515 8e Linux LVM
[root@ray ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb
[root@ray ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 20971520 sda
8 1 512000 sda1
8 2 20458496 sda2
8 16 8388608 sdb
8 17 2104483 sdb1
8 18 2104515 sdb2
253 0 18391040 dm-0
253 1 2064384 dm-1
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2 PV
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[root@ray ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2} 创建pv
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
[root@ray ~]# pvs 查看pv，size误差在20%都在可接受范围
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 a-- 2.01g 2.01g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 a-- 2.01g 2.01g
[root@ray ~]# pvdisplay 查询pv详细信息
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name VolGroup
PV Size 19.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4994
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 4994
PV UUID JUPIw8-FmET-tSl1-zgcq-GL1L-OKpt-jTGJKR
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "2.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 2.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID bGhhum-4Rym-cn5f-QBUc-aRiq-3xUE-eFrwSy
"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "2.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name
PV Size 2.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID m6gZtj-RHZ6-Gt2h-LXXa-ckXg-z509-AiB1Cy
删除pv
[root@ray ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 myvg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 a-- 2.01g 2.01g
[root@ray ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb2 删除指定pv
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully wiped
[root@ray ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 myvg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g
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3 vg操作
vgcreate vg_name /dev/path
-s #: 指定PE大小，默认是4M
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[root@ray ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@ray ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 2 0 0 wz--n- 4.01g 4.01g
[root@ray ~]# vgdisplay myvg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 4.01 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1026
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1026 / 4.01 GiB
VG UUID u5OKhA-pmYA-17Cn-mtBi-9a4B-QBZe-9chig5
[root@ray ~]# vgremove myvg 删除vg
Volume group "myvg" successfully removed
[root@ray ~]# vgcreate -s 8M myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@ray ~]# vgdisplay myvg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 4.00 GiB
PE Size 8.00 MiB
Total PE 512
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 512 / 4.00 GiB
VG UUID EfOh6p-zGyX-sH7h-vYEW-Qxa7-O8GA-gJmeCF
从当前vg移除pv
[root@ray ~]# pvmove /dev/sdb2 把指定的pv中的数据随机移动到其他pv设备中
No data to move for myvg
[root@ray ~]# vgreduce myvg /dev/sdb2 移除指定的pv设备
Removed "/dev/sdb2" from volume group "myvg"
[root@ray ~]# vgs 查看vg信息，myvg已经只有一个pv,大小变为2G
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 1 0 0 wz--n- 2.00g 2.00g
[root@ray ~]# pvs 查看pv，sdb2不属于myvg
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 myvg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 a-- 2.01g 2.01g
添加pv到vg
[root@ray ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
[root@ray ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sdb2
Volume group "myvg" successfully extended
[root@ray ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 2 0 0 wz--n- 4.00g 4.00g
[root@ray ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 myvg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdb2 myvg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g
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4 lv操作
lvcreate
lvcreate -n LV_NAME -L #G LV_SIZE
lvextend
lvextend -L [+]# /path
-L +表示在当前size加#指定的大小
不写+，表示扩展到指定的大小
resize2fs
resize2fs /path #
-p 表示能扩展多大就尽可能的扩展，不必指定扩展的大小
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[root@ray ~]# lvcreate -L 512M -n testlv myvg 创建lv
Logical volume "testlv" created
[root@ray ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 17.54g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 1.97g
testlv myvg -wi-a----- 512.00m
[root@ray ~]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/testlv
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID csX9GV-wTj7-Rpqj-oYVn-O97m-wuiE-o57CX9
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ray, 2016-12-14 17:37:30 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 512.00 MiB
Current LE 64
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
挂载lv到目录
[root@ray ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/myvg/testlv
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
32768 inodes, 131072 blocks
6553 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=134217728
4 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (4096 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@ray ~]# mount /dev/myvg/testlv /mnt/
[root@ray ~]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv on /mnt type ext3 (rw) 蓝色部分为设备的真正路径
移除lv
[root@ray ~]# umount /mnt/ 已挂载的lv，在remove前必须先卸载
[root@ray ~]# lvremove /dev/myvg/testlv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume testlv? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "testlv" successfully removed
[root@ray ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 17.54g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 1.97g
扩展lv
[root@ray ~]# vgs 查看vg是否有空间给lv扩展
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 2 1 0 wz--n- 4.00g 3.50g
[root@ray ~]# lvextend -L 1G /dev/myvg/testlv 扩展
Extending logical volume testlv to 1.00 GiB
Logical volume testlv successfully resized
[root@ray ~]# df -h lv大小没有变化
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 11G 5.5G 67% /
tmpfs 499M 80K 499M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 35M 426M 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv 504M 17M 462M 4% /mnt
[root@ray ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/myvg/testlv 扩展逻辑边界
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/myvg/testlv is mounted on /mnt; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/myvg/testlv to 262144 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/myvg/testlv is now 262144 blocks long.
[root@ray ~]# df -h 已经货站到1G大小
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 11G 5.5G 67% /
tmpfs 499M 80K 499M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 35M 426M 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv 1008M 17M 941M 2% /mnt
[root@ray ~]#
缩减lv
注意：
1 不能在线缩减，先卸载
2 确保缩减后的空间大小依然能存储原有的所有数据
3 在缩减之前应该先强行检查文件，以确保文件系统处于一致性状态
[root@ray ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 11G 5.5G 67% /
tmpfs 499M 80K 499M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 35M 426M 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv 1008M 17M 941M 2% /mnt
[root@ray ~]#
[root@ray ~]# umount /mnt/
[root@ray ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/myvg/testlv 前置检查文件
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第3步: 检查目录连接性
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
第5步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/myvg/testlv: 12/65536 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 8384/262144 blocks
[root@ray ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/testlv 712M
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/myvg/testlv to 182272 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/myvg/testlv is now 182272 blocks long.
[root@ray ~]# lvreduce -L 712M /dev/myvg/testlv
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 712.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce testlv? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume testlv to 712.00 MiB
Logical volume testlv successfully resized
[root@ray ~]# mount /dev/myvg/testlv /mnt/
[root@ray ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 11G 5.5G 67% /
tmpfs 499M 80K 499M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 35M 426M 8% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv 700M 17M 648M 3% /mnt
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5 快照卷
1 生命周期为整个数据的时长，在这端时长内，数据的增长量不能超出快照卷的大小，最好和源卷大小相同
2 快照卷应是只读
3 跟源卷在一个卷组内
lvcreate -L # -n SLV_NAME -s -p r /source_lv
-s 表示要创建快照卷
-p 表示权限
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[root@ray ~]# lvcreate -L500M -n testlv-snap -s -p r /dev/myvg/testlv 创建快照卷
Rounding up size to full physical extent 504.00 MiB
Logical volume "testlv-snap" created
[root@ray ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 17.54g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 1.97g
testlv myvg owi-aos--- 712.00m
testlv-snap myvg sri-a-s--- 504.00m testlv 0.00
[root@ray ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 2 2 1 wz--n- 4.00g 2.81g
[root@ray ~]# lvremove /dev/myvg/testlv-snap 删除快照卷
Do you really want to remove active logical volume testlv-snap? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "testlv-snap" successfully removed
[root@ray ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
myvg 2 1 0 wz--n- 4.00g 3.30g
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来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/28572479/viewspace-2130626/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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