--先制造报错
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ ipcs

------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0xd60aae9c 393216 oracle 660 4096 0

------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0x10a2e564 98304 oracle 660 154

------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages

[oracle@ora11 ~]$ ipcrm -m 393216
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ exit
exit

SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL>

log：（alert_ora11.log）
Thu Jan 26 15:32:42 2012
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
WARNING: You are trying to use the MEMORY_TARGET feature. This feature requires the /dev/shm file system to be mounted for at least 499122176 bytes. /dev/shm is either not mounted or is mounted with available space less than this size. Please fix this so that MEMORY_TARGET can work as expected. Current available is 202989568 and used is 327069696 bytes. Ensure that the mount point is /dev/shm for this directory.
memory_target needs larger /dev/shm

499122176/1024/1024/1024=476M(这是实例启动的最小需求！)

ipsc前（ipcrm -m 393216）
[root@ora11 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              18G 9.4G 6.9G 58% /
tmpfs                 506M     0 506M   0% /dev/shm
从可以看出ipsc前（ipcrm -m 393216）tmpfs 是506M大于476M，所以实例可以起来。

ipcs后（ipcrm -m 393216）
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              18G 9.4G 6.9G 58% /
tmpfs                 506M 312M 194M 62% /dev/shm
从可以看出ipsc前（ipcrm -m 393216）tmpfs 是194M小于476M，所以实例可以起不来。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~处理~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              18G 9.4G 6.9G 58% /
tmpfs                 506M 312M 194M 62% /dev/shm
[oracle@ora11 ~]$
[oracle@ora11 ~]$
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ su - root
Password:
[root@ora11 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              18G 9.4G 6.9G 58% /
tmpfs                 506M 312M 194M 62% /dev/shm
[root@ora11 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
~~~~~~~
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ vi /etc/fstab
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
#tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
tmpfs           /dev/shm        tmpfs   defaults,size=500M              0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

~~~~~~~
[root@ora11 ~]# umount /dev/shm/
[root@ora11 ~]# mount /dev/shm/
[root@ora11 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              18G 9.4G 6.9G 58% /
tmpfs                 500M     0 500M   0% /dev/shm
[root@ora11 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ exit
logout
[root@ora11 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora11 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jan 26 15:37:49 2012

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 497995776 bytes
Fixed Size                  1337464 bytes
Variable Size             360712072 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                5922816 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

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ora-00845 MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

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