http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/484859

在9i的时候，表空间的迁移使用EXP/IMP来实现。在10g中，除了使用EXP/IMP之外，还可以使用数据泵EXPDP/IMPDP，以及RMAN的命令TRANSPORT TABLESPACE命令，除此之外，还可以通过PL/SQL包DBMS_STREAMS_TABLESPACE_ADM来实现。

这一篇介绍PULL_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE过程。

Oracle的DBMS_STREAMS_TABLESPACE_ADM包提供了8个过程：ATTACH_TABLESPACES、ATTACH_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE、CLONE_TABLESPACES、CLONE_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE、DETACH_TABLESPACES、DETACH_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE、PULL_TABLESPACES、PULL_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE。

其中包含了4个SIMPLE过程，SIMPLE过程可以用来处理一个表空间，且这个表空间中仅包含一个数据文件的情况。

ATTACH过程用于将表空间加载到目标数据库中，这个过程的功能类似IMP导入。

CLONE过程用于将表空间置于只读，并导入源数据，并将表空间对应的数据文件拷贝到指定目录，这个操作包含了EXP的功能。

DETACH过程和CLONE过程功能类型，区别在于DETACH过程在拷贝完成后，会从源数据库中删除表空间。

PULL过程实际上包含了CLONE以及ATTACH两个过程，其中还包括了DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER包的调用，使得在目标数据库执行一个命令就完成表空间迁移的所有的操作。

使用Oracle提供PL/SQL包，可以与TRANSPORT TABLESPACE命令，以及EXP/IMP、EXPDP/IMPDP工具配合。比如通过TRANSPORT TABLESPACE命令，或EXP/EXPDP生成的导出源数据以及表空间的数据文件，可以利用ATTACH过程进行导入。利用CLONE过程或DETACH过程生成的源数据以及数据文件，也可以通过IMP/IMPDP方式导入的目标数据库中。

这里介绍一个最简单的例子，由于当前要迁移一个表空间，且表空间仅包含了一个数据文件，因此这里选择了最简单的PULL_SIMPLE_TABLESPACE过程。

[@more@]源数据库的情况：

SQL> select * From v$version;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production


SQL> select property_name,property_value
2 from database_properties
3 where property_name like '%CHARACTERSET%';

PROPERTY_NAME
------------------------------
PROPERTY_VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET
WE8ISO8859P1

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
AL16UTF16


SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_DATA_FILES WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME ='NADSPACE';

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/NADSPACE001.dbf

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER DB_BLOCK_SIZE

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_block_size integer 8192


SQL> EXEC DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK('NADSPACE',TRUE);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select * From transport_set_violations;

no rows selected


检查目标数据库：

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Prod
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production


SQL> SELECT PROPERTY_NAME, PROPERTY_VALUE
2 FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
3 WHERE PROPERTY_NAME LIKE '%CHARACTERSET%';

PROPERTY_NAME
------------------------------
PROPERTY_VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
AL16UTF16

NLS_CHARACTERSET
WE8ISO8859P1

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER DB_BLOCK_SIZE

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_block_size integer 8192
SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_DATA_FILES WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME ='NADSPACE';

no rows selected

这里目标数据库的版本高于源数据库，其它的字符集以及DB_BLOCK_SIZE都与源数据库一致


在源数据库建立目录，使得源数据库可以读取数据文件：

SQL> create directory d_datafile as '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl';

Directory created.

SQL> grant read,write on directory d_datafile to system;

Grant succeeded.


在目标数据库建立目标用户：


SQL> create user nad identified by nad ;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to nad;

Grant succeeded.


建立到源数据库的dblink：

SQL> create public database link nad
2 connect to system
3 identified by sys
4 using 'orcl130';

Database link created.

测试一下dblink

SQL> select count(*) from nad.AAA@nad;

COUNT(*)
----------
49835

建立目标数据库的directory

SQL> create directory d_trans as '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl';

Directory created.

SQL> grant read,write on directory d_trans to system;

Grant succeeded.


SQL> exec dbms_streams_tablespace_adm.pull_simple_tablespace('NADSPACE','NAD','D_TRANS');

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

[oracle@rhel131 orcl]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
[oracle@rhel131 orcl]$ cat NADSPACE001.plg
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01":
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completed at 03:02:26


需要特别注意的地方是建立的源数据库以及目标数据库的directory必须是要传输的datafile的目录，否则会如下的错误：
SQL> exec dbms_streams_tablespace_adm.pull_simple_tablespace('NADSPACE','NAD','D_TRANS');
BEGIN dbms_streams_tablespace_adm.pull_simple_tablespace('NADSPACE','NAD','D_TRANS'); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-23609: unable to find directory object for directory
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STREAMS_TBS_INT_INVOK", line 535
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STREAMS_TBS_INT_INVOK", line 370
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STREAMS_RPC", line 142
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_STREAMS_TABLESPACE_ADM", line 1949
ORA-06512: at line 1


文档上是这个描述的：
Usage Notes

To run this procedure, a user must meet the following requirements on the remote database:

* Have the EXP_FULL_DATABASE role
* Have execute privilege on the DBMS_STREAMS_TABLESPACE_ADM package
* Have access to at least one data dictionary view that contains information about the tablespaces. These views

include DBA_TABLESPACES and USER_TABLESPACES.
* Have MANAGE TABLESPACE or ALTER TABLESPACE privilege on a tablespace if the tablespace must be made read-only
* Have READ privilege on the directory object for the directory that contains the datafile for the tablespace. The

name of this tablespace is specified by the tablespace_name parameter. If a directory object does not exist for this

directory, then create the directory object and grant the necessary privileges before you run this procedure.

To run this procedure, a user must meet the following requirements on the local database:

* Have the roles IMP_FULL_DATABASE and EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE
* Have WRITE privilege on the directory object that will contain the Data Pump export the log file, specified by

the log_file parameter if non-NULL
* Have WRITE privilege on the directory object that will hold the datafile for the tablespace, specified by the

directory_object parameter