1.调用amdu
直接调用amdu后会在当前目录下生成个以amdu+日期格式的文件夹, 该目录下生成的报告文件会记录磁盘组的相关信息在这个文件夹下,生成名为report.txt的报告文件,report.txt文件格式如下:
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ amdu
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd amdu_2012_08_07_16_31_06/
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_07_16_31_06]$ ls
report.txt
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_07_16_31_06]$ cat report.txt
-*-amdu-*-
******************************* AMDU Settings ********************************
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
System name: Linux
Node name: rac1
Release: 2.6.18-194.el5
Version: #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010
Machine: i686
amdu run: 07-AUG-12 16:31:06
Endianess: 1
--------------------------------- Operations ---------------------------------
------------------------------- Disk Selection -------------------------------
-diskstring ''
------------------------------ Reading Control -------------------------------
------------------------------- Output Control -------------------------------
********************************* DISCOVERY **********************************
----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0001 ------------------------------
Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw1
Unique Disk ID:
Disk Label:
Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes
Disk Size: 977 megabytes
Group Name: CRSDG
Disk Name: CRSDG_0000
Failure Group Name: CRSDG_0000
Disk Number: 0
Header Status: 3
Disk Creation Time: 2012/08/06 12:52:20.194000
Last Mount Time: 2012/08/07 13:39:14.532000
Compatibility Version: 0x0b200000(11020000)
Disk Sector Size: 512 bytes
Disk size in AUs: 977 AUs
Group Redundancy: 1
Metadata Block Size: 4096 bytes
AU Size: 1048576 bytes
Stride: 113792 AUs
Group Creation Time: 2012/08/06 12:52:20.067000
File 1 Block 1 location: AU 2
OCR Present: YES
……
******************************* END OF REPORT ********************************
查看ASM磁盘组任意磁盘信息
amdu查看任意asm磁盘的相关信息：
--查看ASM磁盘组下的所有磁盘
SQL> select b.name group_name, a.name disk_name, a.path
from v$asm_disk a, v$asm_diskgroup b
WHERE A.GROUP_NUMBER = B.GROUP_NUMBER
ORDER BY group_name
/
GROUP_NAME DISK_NAME PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
CRSDG CRSDG_0000 /dev/raw/raw1
CRSDG CRSDG_0001 /dev/raw/raw2
DATADG DATADG_0000 /dev/raw/raw3
DATADG DATADG_0002 /dev/raw/raw5
DATADG DATADG_0001 /dev/raw/raw4
FRADG FRADG_0000 /dev/raw/raw6
FRADG FRADG_0001 /dev/raw/raw7
--使用amdu查看/dev/raw/raw7信息
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ amdu -diskstring /dev/raw/raw7
使用上面命令同样会生成一个以amdu+日期格式的文件夹，/dev/raw/raw7磁盘相关信息存放在report.txt文件中。如下所示:
******************************* AMDU Settings ********************************
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
System name: Linux
Node name: rac1
Release: 2.6.18-194.el5
Version: #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010
Machine: i686
amdu run: 07-AUG-12 17:10:11
Endianess: 1
--------------------------------- Operations ---------------------------------
------------------------------- Disk Selection -------------------------------
-diskstring '/dev/raw/raw7'
------------------------------ Reading Control -------------------------------
------------------------------- Output Control -------------------------------
********************************* DISCOVERY **********************************
----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0001 ------------------------------
Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw7
Unique Disk ID:
Disk Label:
Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes
Disk Size: 5795 megabytes
Group Name: FRADG
Disk Name: FRADG_0001
Failure Group Name: FRADG_0001
Disk Number: 1
Header Status: 3
Disk Creation Time: 2012/08/06 14:14:22.396000
Last Mount Time: 2012/08/07 13:39:15.853000
Compatibility Version: 0x0b200000(11020000)
Disk Sector Size: 512 bytes
Disk size in AUs: 5795 AUs
Group Redundancy: 1
Metadata Block Size: 4096 bytes
AU Size: 1048576 bytes
Stride: 113792 AUs
Group Creation Time: 2012/08/06 14:14:22.102000
File 1 Block 1 location: AU 0
OCR Present: NO
******************************* END OF REPORT ********************************
转储ASM磁盘组信息
在磁盘组不能mount时转储ASM磁盘组信息用于数据库诊断，这里以转诸CRSDG磁盘组信息为例：
--以下命令进行磁盘组信息转储（这里用*号模糊匹配）
[oracle@rac1 ~]$amdu –diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -dump 'CRSDG'
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd amdu_2012_08_08_10_47_05/
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_08_10_47_05]$ ls
CRSDG_0001.img CRSDG.map report.txt
转储CRSDG的磁盘组信息后可以看到，除了报告文件外，还生成了map和img信息文件。IMG文件则是元数据块的镜像转储，为二进制文件，这些文件在ASM出现故障时，可以用于收集信息，分析故障。MAP文件其内容描述了ASM元数据在磁盘组中的位置。
MAP文件的信息如下：
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_08_10_47_05]$ less CRSDG.map
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000000 F00000000 I0 E00000000 U00 C00256 S0001 B0000000000
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000001 F00000000 I0 E00000000 U00 C00256 S0001 B0001048576
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000002 F00000001 I0 E00000000 U00 C00256 S0001 B0002097152
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000003 F00000002 I0 E00000000 U00 C00256 S0001 B0003145728
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000004 F00000003 I0 E00000001 U00 C00256 S0001 B0004194304
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000005 F00000003 I0 E00000003 U00 C00256 S0001 B0005242880
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000006 F00000003 I0 E00000005 U00 C00256 S0001 B0006291456
N0001 D0000 R00 A00000007 F00000003 I0 E00000007 U00 C00256 S0001 B0007340032
…………
提取数据文件
通过磁盘组名和文件号提取数据库文件。
3.1提取数据文件
利用AMDU从不能mount的ASM磁盘组中往外提取REDO文件。
--在磁盘组不能mount来抽取redo文件group_3.256.790784465
--在磁盘组mount状态下我们可以看到如下REDO文件信息
[grid@rac2 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd datadg/racdb/ onlinelog
ASMCMD> ls
group_1.264.790784029
group_2.265.790784039
group_3.256.790784465
group_4.261.790784473
停止数据库与ASM实例
[root@rac1 ~]# su – grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac1 –f
[grid@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac2 –f
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crs_stat –t
Name Type Target State Host
-------------- ------------------ -------------- -------- ------
ora.CRSDG.dg ora....up.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.DATADG.dg ora....up.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.FRADG.dg ora....up.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.asm ora.asm.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM1.asm application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.racdb.db ora....se.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....ry.acfs ora....fs.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
如下显示ASM实例已停掉。
[grid@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd
Connected to an idle instance.
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD-8102: no connection to ASM; command requires ASM to run
在磁盘组unmount状态下抽取group_3.256.790784465文件为例
-- ‘DATADG.256’ 由磁盘组名称和文件号组成
oracle@rac1 ~]$ amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -extract 'DATADG.256'
amdu_2012_08_08_11_36_22/
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ ls
amdu_2012_08_08_11_36_22
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd amdu_2012_08_08_11_36_22/
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_08_11_36_22]$ ls
DATADG_256.f report.txt
以看到group_3.256.790784465文件已经被抽取出来，名为DATADG_256.f（命名格式 磁盘组名_文件号.f）,同时还会生成一个报告文件。控制文件和其它数据文件提取方法与上面相同。
获取文件号
下面是描述OMF和非OMF方式下获取文件号
我们可以通过查看告警日志来获取控制文件信息，通过提取控制文件来获得数据文件信息。
Using parameter settings in server-side pfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initracdb1.ora
System parameters with non-default values:
processes = 150
spfile = "+DATADG/racdb/spfileracdb.ora"
memory_target = 656M
control_files = "+DATADG/racdb/controlfile/current.264.790769641"
db_block_size = 8192
compatible = "11.2.0.0.0"
cluster_database = TRUE
db_create_file_dest = "+DATADG"
db_recovery_file_dest = "+FRADG"
db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4435M
thread = 1
undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1"
instance_number = 1
remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
db_domain = ""
dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racdbXDB)"
remote_listener = "scan-ip:1521"
audit_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/racdb/adump"
audit_trail = "DB"
db_name = "racdb"
open_cursors = 300
diagnostic_dest = "/u01/app/oracle"
可以看到在DATADG磁盘组中控制文件号为264，下面抽取控制文件，方法与3.1相同。这里不在举例说明。
从提取的控制文件中获取数据文件信息：
[oracle@rac1 amdu_2012_08_08_13_17_56]$ strings DATADG_264.f | grep racdb
racdb1
racdb2
racdb1
racdb2
+DATADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.263.790769649
+ FRADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.790769653
+DATADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.256.790769643
+ FRADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.790769647
+DATADG/racdb/datafile/users.259.790769487
+DATADG/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.790769487
+DATADG/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.790769485
+DATADG/racdb/datafile/system.262.790769485
+DATADG/racdb/tempfile/temp.261.790769677
+DATADG/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.266.790769861
+DATADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.260.790769977
+FRADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.790769981
+DATADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.265.790769983
+FRADG/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.790769987
racdb
racdb
racdb1
racdb2
racdb1
racdb2
可以看到蓝色标记的为数据文件信息，我们可以根据这些数据文件信息来进行数据文件提取。方法与3.1相同。
获取帮助
使用 amdu –help 命令可以
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ amdu -help
a/usize AU size for corrupt disks
-ausize
must be a power of 2. This size is required to scan a disk looking
for metadata, and it is normally read from the disk header. The
value applies to all disks that do not have a valid header. The
value from the disk header will be used if a valid header is
found.
ba/ddisks Include disks with bad headers
-baddisks
look like they were never part of a disk group, will not be
scanned. This option forces them to be scanned anyway and to be
considered part of the given diskgroup. This is most useful when
a disk header has been damaged. The disk will still need to have
a valid allocation table to drive the scan unless -fullscan is
used. In any case at least one block in the first two AUs must be
valid so that the disk number can be determined. The options
-ausize and -blksize are required since these values are normally
fetched from the disk header. If the diskgroup uses external
redundancy then -external should be specified. These values will
be compared against any valid disks found in the diskgroup and
they must be the same.
…………
Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/27075597/viewspace-752579/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
北京盛拓优讯信息技术有限公司. 版权所有 京ICP备16024965号-8 北京市公安局海淀分局网监中心备案编号：11010802021510 niuxiaotong@pcpop.com 17352615567 未成年人举报专区
广播电视节目制作经营许可证(京) 字第1234号 中国互联网协会会员
违法和不良信息举报电话:18101376593