linux对于处理复杂和长时间进行人机交互的任务，建议使用使用screen命令，在后台执行。
如何开始screen后台执行任务呢？很简单，执行screen，按回车键进出入子界面，在子界面内执行我们希望长时间执行的任务。
对于系统未安装screen的通过yum install安装一下yum install screen
下面来举例示范一下：我们切换到oracle用户，然后执行RMAN备份任务,中途我们暂停screen子任务（ctrl+a 再按d键），显示[detached]表示我们已经返回父界面

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[root@indsdb ~]# screen
[root@indsdb ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@indsdb ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Apr 19 10:38:04 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: INDSDB (DBID=1797260764)
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 2016-04-19 10:38:30
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=670 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb.ora
input datafile file number=00010 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb03.ora
input datafile file number=00011 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb04.ora
input datafile file number=00008 name=/oracle/database/oradata/mtstest.ora
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb02.ora
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/ids_interface.ora
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/database/oradata/indsdb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-04-19 10:38:31

[detached]
[root@indsdb ~]#

可以通过screen -ls 查看正在运行的screen任务，并通过screen -r pid 返回screen子界面，通过exit退出screen后台任务（[screen is terminating]）

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[root@localhost ~]# screen -ls
There is a screen on:
3754.pts-0.localhost (Detached)
1 Socket in /var/run/screen/S-root.
[root@localhost ~]# exit
exit

[screen is terminating]
[root@localhost ~]#

screen常用的参数

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[root@localhost ~]# screen -help
Use: screen [-opts] [cmd [args]]
or: screen -r [host.tty]
Options:
-4 Resolve hostnames only to IPv4 addresses.
-6 Resolve hostnames only to IPv6 addresses.
-a Force all capabilities into each window's termcap.
-A -[r|R] Adapt all windows to the new display width & height.
-c file Read configuration file instead of '.screenrc'.
-d (-r) Detach the elsewhere running screen (and reattach here).
-dmS name Start as daemon: Screen session in detached mode.
-D (-r) Detach and logout remote (and reattach here).
-D -RR Do whatever is needed to get a screen session.
-e xy Change command characters.
-f Flow control on, -fn = off, -fa = auto.
-h lines Set the size of the scrollback history buffer.
-i Interrupt output sooner when flow control is on.
-l Login mode on (update /var/run/utmp), -ln = off.
-ls [match] or
-list Do nothing, just list our SockDir [on possible matches].
-L Turn on output logging.
-m ignore $STY variable, do create a new screen session.
-O Choose optimal output rather than exact vt100 emulation.
-p window Preselect the named window if it exists.
-q Quiet startup. Exits with non-zero return code if unsuccessful.
-Q Commands will send the response to the stdout of the querying process.
-r [session] Reattach to a detached screen process.
-R Reattach if possible, otherwise start a new session.
-s shell Shell to execute rather than $SHELL.
-S sockname Name this session .sockname instead of ...
-t title Set title. (window's name).
-T term Use term as $TERM for windows, rather than "screen".
-U Tell screen to use UTF-8 encoding.
-v Print "Screen version 4.01.00devel (GNU) 2-May-06".
-wipe [match] Do nothing, just clean up SockDir [on possible matches].
-x Attach to a not detached screen. (Multi display mode).
-X Execute as a screen command in the specified session.
[root@localhost ~]#

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