[root@test245 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@test245 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Sep 11 22:15:22 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

SQL> exit
Disconnected
[oracle@test245 ~]$ df -Th
Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test245-LogVol00
              ext4     29G  8.5G   20G  31% /
tmpfs        tmpfs    939M  487M  453M  52% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1     ext4    194M   27M  157M  15% /boot
/dev/sda2     ext4    194M  5.6M  179M   4% /home
/dev/sr0   iso9660    4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /mnt
[oracle@test245 ~]$ mount -o remount,size=2G /dev/shm
mount: only root can do that
[oracle@test245 ~]$ exit
logout
[root@test245 ~]# mount -o remount,size=2G /dev/shm

[root@test245 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@test245 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Sep 11 22:16:14 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  784998400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217464 bytes
Variable Size             440404488 bytes
Database Buffers          339738624 bytes
Redo Buffers                2637824 bytes
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  784998400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217464 bytes
Variable Size             440404488 bytes
Database Buffers          339738624 bytes
Redo Buffers                2637824 bytes
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    1983     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle    1985     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:06 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle    1989     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle    1991     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle    1993     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle    1995     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle    1997     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle    1999     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle    2001     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:03 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle    2003     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:02 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle    2005     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle    2007     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle    2009     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle    2011     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle    2013     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle    2015     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle    2017     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle    2098     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle    2110     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle    2112     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle    2114     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle    2156     1  0 21:30 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle    2175     1  0 21:40 ?        00:00:02 ora_w000_orcl
oracle    2258     1  0 21:59 ?        00:00:01 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle    2786  2437  0 22:18 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ kill -9 2005 1983
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    1985     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:06 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle    1989     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle    1991     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle    1993     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle    1995     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle    1997     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle    1999     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle    2001     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:03 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle    2003     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:02 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle    2007     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle    2009     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle    2011     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle    2013     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle    2015     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle    2017     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle    2098     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle    2110     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle    2112     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle    2114     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle    2156     1  0 21:30 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle    2175     1  0 21:40 ?        00:00:02 ora_w000_orcl
oracle    2258     1  0 21:59 ?        00:00:01 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle    2788     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j000_orcl
oracle    2790     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j001_orcl
oracle    2793  2437  0 22:18 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    1985     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:06 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle    1989     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle    1991     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle    1993     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle    1995     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle    1997     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle    1999     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle    2001     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:03 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle    2003     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:02 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle    2007     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle    2009     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle    2011     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle    2013     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle    2015     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle    2017     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle    2098     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle    2110     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle    2112     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle    2114     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle    2156     1  0 21:30 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle    2175     1  0 21:40 ?        00:00:02 ora_w000_orcl
oracle    2258     1  0 21:59 ?        00:00:01 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle    2788     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j000_orcl
oracle    2790     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j001_orcl
oracle    2795  2437  0 22:18 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    1985     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:06 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle    1989     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle    1991     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle    1993     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle    1995     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle    1997     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle    1999     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle    2001     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:03 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle    2003     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:02 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle    2007     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle    2009     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle    2011     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle    2013     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle    2015     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle    2017     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle    2098     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle    2110     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle    2112     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle    2114     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle    2156     1  0 21:30 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle    2175     1  0 21:40 ?        00:00:02 ora_w000_orcl
oracle    2258     1  0 21:59 ?        00:00:01 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle    2788     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j000_orcl
oracle    2790     1  0 22:18 ?        00:00:00 ora_j001_orcl
oracle    2797  2437  0 22:18 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    1985     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:06 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle    1989     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle    1991     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle    1993     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle    1995     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle    1997     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle    1999     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle    2001     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:03 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle    2003     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:02 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle    2007     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle    2009     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle    2011     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:01 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle    2013     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle    2015     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle    2017     1  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle    2098     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle    2110     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:01 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle    2112     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle    2114     1  0 21:20 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl
oracle    2156     1  0 21:30 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_orcl
oracle    2175     1  0 21:40 ?        00:00:02 ora_w000_orcl
oracle    2258     1  0 21:59 ?        00:00:01 ora_vkrm_orcl
oracle    2799  2437  0 22:18 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ kill -9 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2007 2009
-bash: kill: (1985) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1989) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1991) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1993) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1995) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1997) - No such process
-bash: kill: (1999) - No such process
-bash: kill: (2001) - No such process
-bash: kill: (2003) - No such process
-bash: kill: (2007) - No such process
-bash: kill: (2009) - No such process
[oracle@test245 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    2801  2437  0 22:19 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@test245 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Sep 11 22:19:25 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  784998400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217464 bytes
Variable Size             440404488 bytes
Database Buffers          339738624 bytes
Redo Buffers                2637824 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 

 

 

 

 

/dev/shm/是linux下一个非常有用的目录，因为这个目录不在硬盘上，而是在内存里。

 

ORACLE 从11g版本开始，引入了一个自动内存管理(Automatic Memory Management)特性，该特性需要更多的共享内存(/dev/shm)，因此如果决定应用该特性的话， 必须要确保共享内存大于ORACLE 中初始化参数MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 和MEMORY_TARGET(特别提示，这两个参数即自动内存管理特性对应的初始化参数)的值。