早在1994年 SUN 的小伙 Peter Deutsch就提出了分布式计算的七大谬论，后来被 James Gosling等完善:

Fallacies of Distributed Computing

1. 网络是可靠的
2. 网络延时为零
3. 带宽是无限的
4. 网络是安全的
5. 网络拓扑不会改变
6. 肯定至少有一个管理员（在值班）
7. 传输开销为零
8. 网络是同质的

The fallacies

The fallacies are summarized below:^[1]

1. The network is reliable.
2. Latency is zero.
3. Bandwidth is infinite.
4. The network is secure.
5. Topology doesn't change.
6. There is one administrator.
7. Transport cost is zero.
8. The network is homogeneous.

Effects of the fallacies

1. Ignorance of network latency, and of the packet loss it can cause, induces application- and transport-layer developers to allow unbounded traffic, greatly increasing dropped packets and wasting bandwidth.
2. Complacency regarding network security results in being blindsided by malicious users and programs that continually adapt to security measures.^[2]
3. Multiple administrators, as with subnets for rival companies, may institute conflicting policies of which senders of network traffic must be aware in order to complete their desired paths.
4. The "hidden" costs of building and maintaining a network or subnet are non-negligible and must consequently be noted in budgets to avoid vast shortfalls.
5. Ignorance of bandwidth limits on the part of traffic senders can result in bottlenecks over frequency-multiplexed media.