一、实验环境

运行环境:

[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a

LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch

Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer

Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)

Release: 5.4

Codename: Tikanga

数据库版本：

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE 10.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

归档状态：

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

二、实验步骤

1、对数据库进行一次全备

2、将数据库文件任一删除一个（system表空间的数据文件或者undo表空间的数据文件）

3、通过RMAN对进行恢复

三、具体过程

1、查看数据文件

SQL> select t.name tname,d.name dname from v$datafile d,v$tablespace t

2 where t.ts#=d.ts#;

TNAME DNAME

------- ------------------------------------------------------------

SYSTEM /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf

UNDOTBS /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/undotbs01.dbf

1

SYSAUX /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/sysaux01.dbf

USERS /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/users01.dbf

LZCDB01 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/lzcdb0101

LZCDB01 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/lzcdb0102

2、将控制文件删除

SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf

ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf: No such file or directory

成功删除

3、在删除数据文件之后数据库有可能会直接挂掉，但由于我的实验数据库没有任何负载所以现在手动将其关闭

（注意同时动态查看alert日子）

SQL> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes

Fixed Size 1218992 bytes

Variable Size 96470608 bytes

Database Buffers 184549376 bytes

Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf'

在有mount状态启动到open状态是会出现如上错误，此时查看alert日志会看到如下信息

ALTER DATABASE OPEN

Thu Jun 14 17:25:03 2012

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

我们可以看到错误信息提示我们system01.dbf文件找不到

4、使用RMAN恢复

[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target sys/oracle/lzcdb

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jun 14 17:28:33 2012

connected to target database: LZCDB (DBID=404353836, not open)

RMAN> list backup;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

3 Full 920.27M DISK 00:01:58 14-JUN-12

BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120614T091107

Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/03ndgj9b_1_1

List of Datafiles in backup set 3

File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name

---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

1 Full 682642 14-JUN-12 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/system01.dbf

2 Full 682642 14-JUN-12 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/undotbs01.dbf

3 Full 682642 14-JUN-12 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/sysaux01.dbf

4 Full 682642 14-JUN-12 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lzcdb/users01.dbf

可以看到我的实验库的备份信息如上

RMAN> restore datafile 1; ------这儿我用的是system01.dbf文件号

RMAN> recover database;

将数据库启动！

四、实验总结

在实验的过程中遇到了一些小插曲，由于自己捣鼓的时候有部分归档日志被我删掉了却且没有其他备份。

所以当我执行

RMAN> recover database;

恢复数据库时告诉我

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 06/14/2012 18:18:06

RMAN-06053: unable to perform. media recovery because of missing log

RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 36 lowscn 730729 found to restore

这样我就只能将整个数据库恢复到我上次的全备点了，这就造成了大量数据的丢失

所以体会就是归档日志不要随便删除，除非你已经确定它没有用了或者你有备份！

ITPub博客

备份恢复之数据文件丢失

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