在使用MySQL过程中,可能会遇到:
1 某个操作语法忘记了,如何查找?
2 如何快速知道当前版本上某个字段类型的取值范围?
3 当前版本都支持那些函数? 希望有例子说明。
4 当前版本是否支持某个功能?
按照层次看帮助
用
? content
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mysql> ? contents;
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You asked for help about help category: \"Contents\"
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For more information, type \'help
- \'
, where <item> is one of the following
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categories:
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Account Management
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Administration
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Compound Statements
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Data Definition
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Data Manipulation
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Data Types
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Functions
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Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY
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Geographic Features
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Help Metadata
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Language Structure
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Plugins
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Procedures
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Storage Engines
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Table Maintenance
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Transactions
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User-Defined Functions
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Utility
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mysql> ? data types
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You asked for help about help category: \"Data Types\"
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For more information, type \'help
- \'
, where <item> is one of the following
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topics:
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AUTO_INCREMENT
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BIGINT
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BINARY
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BIT
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BLOB
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BLOB DATA TYPE
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BOOLEAN
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CHAR
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CHAR BYTE
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DATE
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DATETIME
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DEC
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DECIMAL
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DOUBLE
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DOUBLE PRECISION
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ENUM
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FLOAT
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INT
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INTEGER
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LONGBLOB
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LONGTEXT
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MEDIUMBLOB
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MEDIUMINT
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MEDIUMTEXT
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SET DATA TYPE
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SMALLINT
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TEXT
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TIME
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TIMESTAMP
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TINYBLOB
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TINYINT
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TINYTEXT
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VARBINARY
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VARCHAR
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YEAR DATA TYPE
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mysql> ? int
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Name: \'INT\'
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Description:
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INT[(M)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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A normal-size integer. The signed range is -2147483648 to 2147483647.
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The unsigned range is 0 to 4294967295.
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URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/numeric-type-overview.html
快速查阅帮助
看show 命令和 create table命令
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mysql> ? show
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Name: \'SHOW\'
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Description:
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SHOW has many forms that provide information about databases, tables,
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columns, or status information about the server. This section describes
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those following:
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SHOW AUTHORS
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SHOW {BINARY | MASTER} LOGS
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SHOW BINLOG EVENTS [IN \'log_name\'] [FROM pos] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
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SHOW CHARACTER SET [like_or_where]
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SHOW COLLATION [like_or_where]
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SHOW [FULL] COLUMNS FROM tbl_name [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]
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SHOW CONTRIBUTORS
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SHOW CREATE DATABASE db_name
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SHOW CREATE EVENT event_name
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SHOW CREATE FUNCTION func_name
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SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE proc_name
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SHOW CREATE TABLE tbl_name
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SHOW CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
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SHOW CREATE VIEW view_name
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SHOW DATABASES [like_or_where]
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SHOW ENGINE engine_name {STATUS | MUTEX}
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SHOW [STORAGE] ENGINES
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SHOW ERRORS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
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SHOW EVENTS
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SHOW FUNCTION CODE func_name
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SHOW FUNCTION STATUS [like_or_where]
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SHOW GRANTS FOR user
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SHOW INDEX FROM tbl_name [FROM db_name]
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SHOW MASTER STATUS
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SHOW OPEN TABLES [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]
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SHOW PLUGINS
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SHOW PROCEDURE CODE proc_name
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SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS [like_or_where]
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SHOW PRIVILEGES
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SHOW [FULL] PROCESSLIST
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SHOW PROFILE [types] [FOR QUERY n] [OFFSET n] [LIMIT n]
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SHOW PROFILES
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SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
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SHOW SLAVE STATUS
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SHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] STATUS [like_or_where]
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SHOW TABLE STATUS [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]
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SHOW [FULL] TABLES [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]
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SHOW TRIGGERS [FROM db_name] [like_or_where]
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SHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] VARIABLES [like_or_where]
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SHOW WARNINGS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
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like_or_where:
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LIKE \'pattern\'
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| WHERE expr
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If the syntax for a given SHOW statement includes a LIKE \'pattern\'
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part, \'pattern\' is a string that can contain the SQL \"%\" and \"_\"
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wildcard characters. The pattern is useful for restricting statement
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output to matching values.
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Several SHOW statements also accept a WHERE clause that provides more
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flexibility in specifying which rows to display. See
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http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/extended-show.html.
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URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/show.html
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-
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mysql> ? create table
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Name: \'CREATE TABLE\'
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Description:
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Syntax:
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CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
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(create_definition,...)
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[table_options]
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[partition_options]
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Or:
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CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
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[(create_definition,...)]
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[table_options]
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[partition_options]
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select_statement
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Or:
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CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
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{ LIKE old_tbl_name | (LIKE old_tbl_name) }
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create_definition:
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col_name column_definition
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| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
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[index_option] ...
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| {INDEX|KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
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[index_option] ...
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| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]
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[index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
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[index_option] ...
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| {FULLTEXT|SPATIAL} [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
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[index_option] ...
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| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY
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[index_name] (index_col_name,...) reference_definition
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| CHECK (expr)
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column_definition:
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data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT default_value]
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[AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE [KEY] | [PRIMARY] KEY]
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[COMMENT \'string\']
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[COLUMN_FORMAT {FIXED|DYNAMIC|DEFAULT}]
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[STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY|DEFAULT}]
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[reference_definition]
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data_type:
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BIT[(length)]
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| TINYINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| SMALLINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| MEDIUMINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| INT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| INTEGER[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| BIGINT[(length)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| REAL[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| DOUBLE[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| FLOAT[(length,decimals)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| DECIMAL[(length[,decimals])] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| NUMERIC[(length[,decimals])] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
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| DATE
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| TIME
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| TIMESTAMP
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| DATETIME
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| YEAR
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| CHAR[(length)]
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| VARCHAR(length)
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| BINARY[(length)]
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| VARBINARY(length)
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| TINYBLOB
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| BLOB
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| MEDIUMBLOB
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| LONGBLOB
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| TINYTEXT [BINARY]
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| TEXT [BINARY]
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| MEDIUMTEXT [BINARY]
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| LONGTEXT [BINARY]
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| ENUM(value1,value2,value3,...)
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| SET(value1,value2,value3,...)
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[CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
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| spatial_type
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index_col_name:
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col_name [(length)] [ASC | DESC]
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index_type:
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USING {BTREE | HASH}
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index_option:
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KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
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| index_type
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| WITH PARSER parser_name
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| COMMENT \'string\'
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reference_definition:
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REFERENCES tbl_name (index_col_name,...)
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[MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE]
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[ON DELETE reference_option]
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[ON UPDATE reference_option]
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reference_option:
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RESTRICT | CASCADE | SET NULL | NO ACTION
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table_options:
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table_option [[,] table_option] ...
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table_option:
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ENGINE [=] engine_name
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| AUTO_INCREMENT [=] value
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| AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=] value
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| [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
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| CHECKSUM [=] {0 | 1}
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| [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name
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| COMMENT [=] \'string\'
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| CONNECTION [=] \'connect_string\'
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| DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'absolute path to directory\'
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| DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1}
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| INDEX DIRECTORY [=] \'absolute path to directory\'
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| INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST }
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| KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
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| MAX_ROWS [=] value
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| MIN_ROWS [=] value
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| PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT}
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| PASSWORD [=] \'string\'
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| ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT|DYNAMIC|FIXED|COMPRESSED|REDUNDANT|COMPACT}
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| TABLESPACE tablespace_name [STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY|DEFAULT}]
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| UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...)
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partition_options:
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PARTITION BY
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{ [LINEAR] HASH(expr)
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| [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM={1|2}] (column_list)
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| RANGE{(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)}
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| LIST{(expr) | COLUMNS(column_list)} }
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[PARTITIONS num]
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[SUBPARTITION BY
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{ [LINEAR] HASH(expr)
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| [LINEAR] KEY [ALGORITHM={1|2}] (column_list) }
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[SUBPARTITIONS num]
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]
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[(partition_definition [, partition_definition] ...)]
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partition_definition:
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PARTITION partition_name
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[VALUES
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{LESS THAN {(expr | value_list) | MAXVALUE}
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|
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IN (value_list)}]
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[[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
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[COMMENT [=] \'comment_text\' ]
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[DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'data_dir\']
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[INDEX DIRECTORY [=] \'index_dir\']
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[MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
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[MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
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[TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
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[NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]
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[(subpartition_definition [, subpartition_definition] ...)]
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subpartition_definition:
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SUBPARTITION logical_name
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[[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
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[COMMENT [=] \'comment_text\' ]
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[DATA DIRECTORY [=] \'data_dir\']
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[INDEX DIRECTORY [=] \'index_dir\']
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[MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
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[MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
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[TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
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[NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]
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select_statement:
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[IGNORE | REPLACE] [AS] SELECT ... (Some valid select statement)
-
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CREATE TABLE creates a table with the given name. You must have the
-
CREATE privilege for the table.
-
-
Rules for permissible table names are given in
-
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/identifiers.html. By default,
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the table is created in the default database, using the InnoDB storage
-
engine. An error occurs if the table exists, if there is no default
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database, or if the database does not exist.
-
-
URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/create-table.html
常用的网络资源
查询元数据信息
数据库information_schema,用来mysql中的元数据信息。元数据指的是数据的数据,比如表名、列名、列类型、索引名等表的各种属性名称。
常用表有:schemata, tables, columns, statistics.
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:https://blog.itpub.net/26435490/viewspace-1260056/
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