1. 备份全库
RMAN> backup database format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_0AMP1RDE_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T013230 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

RMAN> list backup of database;

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
8       Full    102.92M    DISK        00:00:24     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 8   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20111014T013230
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_0AMP1RDE_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 8
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 8257303    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
  2       Full 8257303    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
  3       Full 8257303    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
  4       Full 8257303    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
  5       Full 8257303    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0

RMAN> delete backupset 8;

2. 备份表空间
RMAN> backup tablespace users format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_USERS_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_USERS_0CMP1T6E_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T020253 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

此时有两份users表空间的备份，第一份是第1步中备份全库时产生的。
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;


List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10      Full    13.89M     DISK        00:00:04     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 10   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20111014T020253
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_USERS_0CMP1T6E_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 10
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  4       Full 8258746    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0

RMAN> delete backupset 10;

3. 备份数据文件
先找出要备份数据文件的ID或Name：
select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME                                                                           FILE_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0               1                          
I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0                2                         
I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0                     3                      
I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0                   4                       
I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0                    5                     

RMAN> backup datafile 5 format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_APP01_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_APP01_0EMP1TU9_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T021537 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

RMAN> list backupset of datafile 5;


List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
12      Full    1.02M      DISK        00:00:01     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20111014T021537
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_APP01_0EMP1TU9_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 12
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  5       Full 8259094    14-OCT-11 I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0

RMAN> delete backupset 12;

4. 备份控制文件
当autobackup设置为on后，任何操作都会自动对控制文件备份。
RMAN> show controlfile autobackup;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name O07DMS0 are:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

在1,2,3步做备份时，控制文件自动做了备份。
RMAN> list backupset of controlfile;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
9       Full    9.33M      DISK        00:00:01     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20111014T013255
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-00
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 8257324      Ckp time: 14-OCT-11

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
11      Full    9.33M      DISK        00:00:00     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 11   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20111014T020301
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-01
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 8258755      Ckp time: 14-OCT-11

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
13      Full    9.33M      DISK        00:00:01     14-OCT-11
        BP Key: 13   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20111014T021539
        Piece Name: H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-02
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 8259101      Ckp time: 14-OCT-11

也可以手动给控制文件做备份。
RMAN> backup current controlfile format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_controlfile_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_CONTROLFILE_0IMP1UGP_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T022529 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-04 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

5. 备份归档日志文件
有两种方法：
1） RMAN> backup archivelog all format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_arch_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=57 RECID=2 STAMP=749363952
input archived log thread=1 sequence=58 RECID=3 STAMP=749574089
input archived log thread=1 sequence=59 RECID=4 STAMP=749956794
input archived log thread=1 sequence=60 RECID=5 STAMP=750304866
input archived log thread=1 sequence=61 RECID=6 STAMP=750578449
input archived log thread=1 sequence=62 RECID=7 STAMP=751096852
input archived log thread=1 sequence=63 RECID=8 STAMP=751513475
input archived log thread=1 sequence=64 RECID=9 STAMP=751856864
input archived log thread=1 sequence=65 RECID=10 STAMP=752320897
input archived log thread=1 sequence=66 RECID=11 STAMP=752696011
input archived log thread=1 sequence=67 RECID=12 STAMP=752997673
input archived log thread=1 sequence=83 RECID=13 STAMP=764476212
input archived log thread=1 sequence=84 RECID=14 STAMP=764476302
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_ARCH_0KMP1USF_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T023142 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-05 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

2） RMAN> backup database format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_%U' plus archivelog format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DM
S0\rman\O07DMS0_plus_arch_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=57 RECID=2 STAMP=749363952
input archived log thread=1 sequence=58 RECID=3 STAMP=749574089
input archived log thread=1 sequence=59 RECID=4 STAMP=749956794
input archived log thread=1 sequence=60 RECID=5 STAMP=750304866
input archived log thread=1 sequence=61 RECID=6 STAMP=750578449
input archived log thread=1 sequence=62 RECID=7 STAMP=751096852
input archived log thread=1 sequence=63 RECID=8 STAMP=751513475
input archived log thread=1 sequence=64 RECID=9 STAMP=751856864
input archived log thread=1 sequence=65 RECID=10 STAMP=752320897
input archived log thread=1 sequence=66 RECID=11 STAMP=752696011
input archived log thread=1 sequence=67 RECID=12 STAMP=752997673
input archived log thread=1 sequence=83 RECID=13 STAMP=764476212
input archived log thread=1 sequence=84 RECID=14 STAMP=764476302
input archived log thread=1 sequence=85 RECID=15 STAMP=764476589
input archived log thread=1 sequence=86 RECID=16 STAMP=764476681
input archived log thread=1 sequence=87 RECID=17 STAMP=764476863
input archived log thread=1 sequence=88 RECID=18 STAMP=764476965
input archived log thread=1 sequence=89 RECID=19 STAMP=764477072
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_PLUS_ARCH_0UMP1VKG_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T024432 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_0VMP1VM8_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T024528 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=90 RECID=20 STAMP=764477153
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_PLUS_ARCH_10MP1VN2_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T024553 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-08 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

6. 增量备份
RMAN> backup incremental level=0 database format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_level0_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_LEVEL0_12MP20JG_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T030104 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-09 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 cumulative database format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_cum_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_CUM_18MP20RV_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T030535 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-0C comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 database format 'H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\rman\O07DMS0_dif_%U';

Starting backup at 14-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSTEM_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\SYSAUX_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\USERS_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\UNDO_01.O07DMS0
input datafile file number=00005 name=I:\INTEL_DATA\O07DMS0\APP01_01.O07DMS0
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\O07DMS0_DIF_1AMP2148_1_1 tag=TAG20111014T031000 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 14-OCT-11

Starting Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11
piece handle=H:\INTEL_DB_DUMPS\O07DMS0\RMAN\CF_O07DMS0_C-3672122205-20111014-0D comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 14-OCT-11