虚拟机配置linux 10g 物理dataguard

准备工作
主库：IP:192.168.40.168 host:PDB DB_NAME:DGDEMO db_unique_name:DGDEMO
备库：IP:192.168.40.169 host:SDB DB_NAME:DGDEMO db_unique_name:DGDEMO_ST

一、建主库：
1、建虚拟机并安装linux 5.2操作系统
2、修改/etc/hosts
192.168.40.168 PDB.localdomain PDB
192.168.40.169 SDB.localdomain SDB
3、在虚拟机上安装oracle软件（只安装软件）

二、建备库：copy虚拟机（配置主机名，IP,hosts等）
三、配置监听 netca
四、建库 dbca
五、修改参数文件
1、create pfile from spfile;
2、在pfile文件中添加以下内容：
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='DGDEMO'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(DGDEMO,DGDEMO_ST)'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=DGDEMO_ST ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=DGDEMO_ST'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=ENABLE
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=ENABLE
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.standby_archive_dest='/opt/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/DGDEMO/archivelog'
*.FAL_SERVER='DGDEMO_ST'
*.FAL_CLIENT='DGDEMO'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.service_names='DGDEMO'
3、create spfile from pfile;

六、修改归档和强制日志
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

七、配置listener.ora,tnsnames.ora
1、listener.ora内容
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
   (
    SID_DESC=
    (GLOBAL_DBNAME=DGDEMO)
    (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
    (SID_NAME=DGDEMO)
   )
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
)

2、 tnsnames.ora内容
DGDEMO =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = DGDEMO)
    )
)

DGDEMO_ST =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = DGDEMO)
    )
)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )

八、创建备库在线日志
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/redo04.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/redo05.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/redo06.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/redo07.log') size 50M;
查看备库在线日志是否创建成功：
select group#, thread#, archived, status from v$standby_log;

九、创建控制文件和参数文件
alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/standby.ctl';
CREATE PFILE='/tmp/initDGDEMO_ST.ora' FROM SPFILE;

十、备份主库
$ rman target=/
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

十一、备库上创建库目录
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_BASE
mkdir -p oradata/DGDEMO
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/adump
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/bdump
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/cdump
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/dpdump
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/pfile
mkdir -p admin/DGDEMO/udump
mkdir -p flash_recovery_area/DGDEMO/archivelog
mkdir -p flash_recovery_area/DGDEMO/onlinelog

十二、将控制文件，参数文件,密码文件主库备份文件传输到备库
1、备库控制文件
主库：scp /tmp/standby.ctl' sdb:/tmp/standby.ctl
备库：cp /tmp/standby.ctl $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DGDEMO/control01.ctl
cp $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DGDEMO/control01.ctl $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DGDEMO/control02.ctl
cp $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DGDEMO/control01.ctl $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DGDEMO/control03.ctl

2、备库参数文件
主库：scp /tmp/initDGDEMO_ST.ora' sdb:/tmp/initDGDEMO_ST.ora
备库：cp /tmp/initDGDEMO_ST.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initDGDEMO.ora

修改参数文件：
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='DGDEMO_ST'
*.FAL_CLIENT='DGDEMO_ST'
*.FAL_SERVER='DGDEMO'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(DGDEMO,DGDEMO_ST)'
.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=DGDEMO ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=DGDEMO'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.standby_archive_dest='/opt/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/DGDEMO/archivelog'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.service_names='DGDEMO'

3.备库密码文件
scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwDGDEMO' sdb:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwDGDEMO

十三、创建备库监听并修改listener.ora,tnsnames.ora
1、netca
2、listener.ora内容修改如下：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
)

2、tnsnames.ora内容不变
DGDEMO_ST =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = DGDEMO)
    )
)

DGDEMO =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pdb.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = DGDEMO)
    )
)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
)

十四、恢复备库
$ rman target=/

RMAN> STARTUP MOUNT;
RMAN> RESTORE DATABASE;

十五、创建备份redo log
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/DGDEMO/online_redo01.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/DGDEMO/online_redo02.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/DGDEMO/online_redo03.log') SIZE 50M;

十六、
STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE='/tmp/initDGDEMO_ST.ora';
$ rman TARGET sys/password@DB11G AUXILIARY /

十七、duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
执行此步看会报什么错误如果成功此时备库是mount状态

十八、验证日志应用
在主备库上运行也下sql:
SELECT sequence#, first_time, next_time
FROM v$archived_log
ORDER BY sequence#;

在主库上交换日志：
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
再查看日志备库是否同步了。

备库日志同步并应用了说明dataguard配置成功，如失败在主库查看以下sql:
select status,error from v$archive_dest_status;
看报什么错误，大部分会是参数文件配置有误。

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10g dataguard安装

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