VirtualBox+RedHat+Oracle11g+ASM安装

一、运行环境

 VirtualBox 4.0.10
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga) x86
    Oracle 11.2.0.1

二、安装准备

 1.介质准备：

 oracle database介质：（http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linuxsoft-098940-zhs.html）

 linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

 linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

 linux_11gR2_grid.zip

 VirtualBox（http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads）

 VirtualBox-4.0.10-72479-Win.exe

 RedHat:

 TLF-SOFT-Redhat.Enterprise.Linux.V5.UPDATE.3.DVD-HOTiSO

 2.虚拟机搭建：

 安装VirtualBox，并安装Redhat，安装VirtualBox增强功能。
            注意事项： 1.单击虚拟机的设置选项，点击Storage，在存储树中使用“SATA控制器”作为存储控制器，这一步一定要使用“SATA控制器”，默认的IDE控制器无法在一个控制器上添加多个硬盘。

 2.安装增强功能需要安装以下RPM包：(安装顺序不能错)

 kernel-devel-2.6.18-128.e15.i686.rpm
                    kernel-headers-2.6.18-164.el5.i386.rpm
                    compat-glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.26.i386.rpm
                    compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26.i386.rpm
                    compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
                    compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
                    compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138.i386.rpm
                    cpp-4.1.2-46.el5.i386.rpm
                    glibc-headers-2.5-42.i386.rpm
                    glibc-devel-2.5-42.i386.rpm
                    libgomp-4.4.0-6.el5.i386.rpm
                    libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-46.el5.i386.rpm
                    gcc-4.1.2-46.el5.i386.rpm
                    compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
                    compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

 3.存储准备

A.创建磁盘：

执行createhd.bat，createhd.bat内容如下：

"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createhd -filename "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm1.vdi" -size 5120 -format VDI -variant Fixed >>"D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\createhd.log"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createhd -filename "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm2.vdi" -size 5120 -format VDI -variant Fixed >>"D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\createhd.log"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createhd -filename "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm3.vdi" -size 5120 -format VDI -variant Fixed >>"D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\createhd.log"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createhd -filename "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm4.vdi" -size 5120 -format VDI -variant Fixed >>"D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\createhd.log"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createhd -filename "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm5.vdi" -size 5120 -format VDI -variant Fixed >>"D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\createhd.log"

B.将硬盘连接虚拟机

执行storageattach.bat文件,bat内容如下:

"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" storageattach "Oracle 11g for Linux ASM" --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 1 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm1.vdi"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" storageattach "Oracle 11g for Linux ASM" --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 2 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm2.vdi"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" storageattach "Oracle 11g for Linux ASM" --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 3 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm3.vdi"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" storageattach "Oracle 11g for Linux ASM" --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 4 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm4.vdi"
"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" storageattach "Oracle 11g for Linux ASM" --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 5 --device 0 --type hdd --medium "D:\Study\VirtualBox\Oracle 11g for linux ASM\asm5.vdi"

C.启动服务器，检查磁盘是否成功连接：

#ls -l /dev/sd* 其中sdb-sdf是我们新增加的硬盘。

D.创建ASM磁盘：

ASM使用硬盘有两种方式：第一是使用ASMLib（方便管理），第二种是不使用ASMLib，而是使用raw devices，在这里我们使用ASMLib

①.安装ASMLib

使用ASMLib需要安装linux的rmp包：

ASM下载地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/rhel5-084877.html

oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm （在linux下uname -r 查看内核版本，此rmp包一定要内核一致）

oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm

oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.i386.rpm

#rpm -Uvh \
oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.i386.rpm \
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm \
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm

注意事项：

查看/lib/modules,如果下面如果有2.6.18-128.el5 2.6.18-128.el5PAE 2.6.18-128.el5xen 这3个文件夹，则需要下载对应的oracleasm-kernel-pae/xen的rpm包并安装。

②.启动oracleasm

#/etc/init.d/oracleasm start

③.创建oracle用户，dba用户组

由于ASMLib创建的磁盘需要指定oracle属主，因此需要先创建oracle用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

④.配置ASM:

设置ASM的所属用户及组，并且设置为自启动:

#/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure -i

⑤.创建ASM磁盘：ASM不能直接使用磁盘，只能使用磁盘分区

 对磁盘进行分区：

[root@oracle11g init.d]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652):
Using default value 652

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.