Starting and Exiting RMAN

• 直接启动rman
  

  % rman
  

• Start the RMAN executable at the operating system command line while connecting to a target database and, possibly, a recovery catalog, as in the following examples:

  % rman TARGET /                       # operating system authentication 
  

• % rman TARGET SYS@prod NOCATALOG      # RMAN prompts for SYS password 
  

• % rman TARGET / CATALOG rco@catdb     # RMAN prompts for rco password
  

Specifying the Location of RMAN Output

% rman LOG /tmp/rman.log or % rman | tee rman.log

Setting Globalization Support Environment Variables for RMAN

If you are going to use RMAN to connect to an unmounted database and 
mount the database later while RMAN is still connected, then set the 
NLS_LANG environment variable so that it also specifies the character 
set used by the database.
rman连接一个unmount状态的数据库，设置了NLS_LANG将对数据库
mount之后的状态起作用 

A database that is not mounted assumes the default character set, 
which is US7ASCII. If your character set is different from the default, 
then RMAN returns errors after the database is mounted.
数据库再unmount状态下默认字符集是US7ASCII.如果你数据库的字符集
不一样，就会报错。这就是设置NLS_LANG环境变量的原因

NLS_LANG=american
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='Mon DD YYYY HH24:MI:SS'

Entering RMAN Commands：

Entering RMAN Commands at the RMAN Prompt

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE
2> INCLUDE CURRENT 
3> CONTROLFILE
4> ;

1. OS promot执行命令文件（执行完，自动退出rman）

   % rman TARGET / @cmdfile1

2. rman promot执行命令文件

   RMAN> @cmdfile1

Using Substitution Variables in Command Files

To create and use a dynamic shell script.:

1. Create an RMAN command file that uses substitution variables.

   The following example shows the contents of a command file named quarterly_backup.cmd, which is run every quarter. The script. uses substitution variables for the name of the tape set, for a string in the FORMAT specification, and for the name of the restore point to be created.

   # quarterly_backup.cmd CONNECT TARGET / RUN { ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE sbt PARMS 'ENV=(OB_MEDIA_FAMILY=&1)'; BACKUP DATABASE TAG &2 FORMAT '/disk2/bck/&1%U.bck' KEEP FOREVER RESTORE POINT &3; } EXIT;

2. Create a shell script. that you can use to run the RMAN command file created in the previous step.

   The following example creates a shell script. named runbackup.sh. The example creates shell variables for the format and restore point name and accepts the values for these variables as command-line arguments to the script.

   #!/bin/tcsh
   # name: runbackup.sh
   # usage: use the tag name and number of copies as arguments
   set media_family = $argv[1]
   set format = $argv[2]set restore_point = $argv[3]
   rman @'/disk1/scripts/whole_db.cmd' USING $media_family $format $restore_point
   

3. Execute the shell script. created in the previous step, specifying the desired arguments on the command line.

   The following example runs the runbackup.sh shell script. and passes it archival_backup as the media family name, bck0906 as the format string, and FY06Q3 as the restore point name.

   % runbackup.sh archival_backup bck0906 FY06Q3
   

Checking RMAN Syntax at the Command Line

• To check RMAN syntax at the command line:

% rman CHECKSYNTAX
RMAN> run [ backup database; ]
RMAN-00571: 
RMAN-00569:
RMAN-00571: 
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01006: error signalled during parse
RMAN-02001: unrecognized punctuation symbol "["
 
RMAN> run { backup database; }

The command has no syntax errors