背景：
操作系统：
# uname -a
Linux localhost 3.11.10-7-desktop #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon Feb 3 09:41:24 UTC 2014 (750023e) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux                                                                                     

以下将Linux命令chkconfig在本机openSuse Linux下的联机帮助文档进行翻译并举例加以说明其用法，让我们来拭目以待吧。
说明：以下英文行大家英文不好的话，可以只看我的中文部分。中文部分，是我尽兴翻译的，中文部分没有完全依照英文进行翻译。

chkconfig 命令的功能是使操作系统提供的服务进行激活或者失效即所谓的启动与关闭。
chkconfig - enable or disable system services

语法如下：
SYNOPSIS
      
       chkconfig -t|--terse [names] (shows the links)      
       chkconfig -s|--set [name state]
       chkconfig -e|--edit [names]
       chkconfig -c|--check name [state]
       chkconfig -l|--list [--deps] [names]
       chkconfig -A|--allservices
       chkconfig -a|--add [names]
       chkconfig -d|--del [names]
以上就是chkconfig命令的具体语法格式，大家是不是一看就蒙了，没关系，我们举几个例子来说明一下吧！

 我们直接输入 chkconfig命令， OS会将当前系统之中提供的服务与状态一一列出，结果如下：
# chkconfig
after.local              off
alsasound                on
amavis                   off
apache2                  off
autofs                   off
avahi-daemon             on
avahi-dnsconfd           off
before.local             off
bgpd                     off
chargen                  off
以上部分截取，省略了很多部分哦。

以上执行命令输出的结果太多了，看着是不是太麻烦啊，我知道系统之中有一个叫cron的服务，直接了当，就查看它的状态了，这时我们只要
直接将服务名加在chkconfig命令后，就可以了。
#chkconfig cron
cron cron  on

看到没，系统的cron服务正在运行，让我们来吧它提供的服务关闭吧，跟我来，
#chkconfig cron off
# chkconfig cron
cron  off
怎么样，cron服务停止了吧，怎么能让他停止呢，停止以后，你的调度任务可就**，停止工作了，还是把它启动起来吧。
#chkconfig cron on
# chkconfig cron
cron  on

是不是很简单啊，下面来个复杂一点的，如果我要一起修改2个服务状态呢，哈哈，
跟我来， 我要将autofs, cron 都停止，看看复杂了没：
chkconfig autofs  off cron off
简单吧，更多个服务只要依次往下写就可以了，前提是不要写错哦。
关闭怎么能行呢，还是恢复原样吧。
#chkconfig autofs  on cron on

我们系统那么多的服务需要管理，让我们来对系统提供的服务进行一下备份吧。
#chkconfig >~root/chkconfig.save
哈哈，备份文件备份好了，让我们看看文件的内容吧。
# cat ~root/chkconfig.save
after.local              off
alsasound                on
amavis                   off
apache2                  on
autofs                   on
avahi-daemon             on
avahi-dnsconfd           off
before.local             off
bgpd                     off
chargen                  off
chargen-udp              off
cifs                     off
clamav-milter            off
clamd                    off
cron                     on
cups                     on
cups-lpd                 off
cvs                      off
cyrus                    off
daytime                  off
daytime-udp              off
dbus                     on
discard                  off
discard-udp              off
dkms_autoinstaller       on
echo                     off
echo-udp                 off
esound                   off
fetchmail                off
freshclam                off
gpm                      off
icecream                 off
inn                      off
inputattach              off
irq_balancer             off
joystick                 off
kexec                    off
lirc                     off
lm_sensors               off
mailman                  off
mcelog                   off
mdadmd                   off
mysql                    off
nagios                   off
netstat                  off
network                  on
nfs                      off
nfsserver                off
ntp                      off
ospf6d                   off
ospfd                    off
pcscd                    on
pm-profiler              off
postfix                  on
powerd                   off
raw                      off
ripd                     off
ripngd                   off
rpmconfigcheck           off
rsync                    off
rsyncd                   off
sane-port                off
servers                  off
services                 off
smpppd                   off
snmpd                    off
snmptrapd                off
spamd                    off
spampd                   off
sshd                     off
svnserve                 off
systat                   off
tftp                     on
time                     off
time-udp                 off
vboxautostart-service    on
vboxballoonctrl-service  on
vboxdrv                  on
vboxweb-service          on
vmamqpd                  on
vmware                   on
vmware-USBArbitrator     on
vnc                      off
vnchttpd                 off
vsftpd                   off
xdm                      on
ypbind                   off
zebra                    off

怎么样，这个方法进行备份不错吧，如果有一天发现服务设置的不对了，可以用之前的备份进行恢复，只需要执行一下这个命令，
chkconfig -s <~root/chkconfig.save

时间过的真快，转眼间八点多了，该回家了，下面的部分暂时先放放，明天继续完成，大家如果英语没有障碍的话，可以先看看，如果懒得看英文，喜欢我的这种风格的话，就请多多关注吧。

以下部分暂时没有翻译，见谅。  
DESCRIPTION
       chkconfig  is used to manipulate the runlevel links at boot time (see init.d(7)).  It can be thought of
       as a frontend to insserv(8).  Chkconfig can run in six different modes: terse list mode, set mode, edit
       mode, list mode, add mode and delete mode. The last three modes were added for compatiblity reasons.

TERSE LIST MODE
       This  mode lists the state of the specified services, or all known services if no service name was pro-
       vided. Every printed line consists of the name of the service and the runlevels the service is  config-
       ured for at the moment. If it is configured in no runlevel, off is used instead, if it is configured in
       the runlevels defined as a default by the start script, on is used. If the service is an enabled  inetd
       or  xinetd service, inetd and xinetd are used. Inetd/xinetd services are configured in /etc/inetd.d and
       /etc/xinetd.d, respectively. You can use the -A or --allservices parameter to get  all  services  (even
       the boot.*-services) listed.

       If chkconfig is called without arguments, all services are listed in terse mode.

SET MODE
       Set  mode  is  used  to  configure at which runlevel a service should be started. The arguments must be
       specified as pairs of service name and new state. You can use on and off as special  states  to  select
       the default set of runlevels or to disable a service completely. You can use inetd or xinetd to config-
       ure a service managed by the inetd/xinetd daemons.

       Insserv can calculate dependencies for only one service at the same time. To work around  this  limita-
       tion  imposed  by insserv, chkconfig uses the '-f' option of insserv when it reads the list of services
       from standard input. Note that --force switches off all dependency checks and could lead  to  depending
       services no longer working, use with care.

       If  no  services  are specified, chkconfig reads lines from standard input. Each line must consist of a
       service/state pair. As this is exactly the output of the terse list mode, this can be used to reconfig-
       ure a service specification saved by a former run.

       If the option -f or --force is also given, insserv is called with a '-f' option.

EDIT MODE
       This  mode  is a combination of the terse list mode and set mode.  It writes the state of all specified
       services (or all known services, if no service was provided) into a temporary file,  starts  an  editor
       and re-configures all services to reflect the states of the changed temporary file.

CHECK MODE
       This  mode  can  be used to check the state of a service.  chkconfig exits with a return code of '0' if
       the service is enabled in all of the specified runlevels, otherwise the exit status is '1'. If  chkcon-
       fig is called with only a service name the current runlevel of the system is used for checking.

LIST MODE
       List  mode prints for each specified service a line that consists of the service name and for runlevels
       zero to six on or off depending if the service will be started or not.  on will be  printed  in  bright
       green  if the output is written to a terminal. If the --deps option is given, the names of the services
       that must be started before this service is appended to each line. The inetd/xinetd services are listed
       in extra sections.

       You can use the -A or --allservices parameter to get all services (even the boot.*-services) listed.

ADD MODE
       Calls insserv to enable a service and uses list mode to display the new setting afterwards.

DEL MODE
       Same as add mode, but disable the service.

OTHER OPTIONS
       When no service names are given on the command line, chkconfig defaults to all known services excluding
       those that are not enabled in runlevels 1 to 6 and start with 'boot.'.  Use  the  --allservices  or  -A
       option if you want to see such services as well.




FILES
       /etc/init.d/
              path  to  the  boot  script  base directory as required by the Linux Standard Base Specification
              (LSB).

       /etc/inetd.d/
              path to the inetd services. See the inetd manpage to find out how to enable this feature.

       /etc/xinetd.d/
              path to the xinetd services.


SEE ALSO
       init.d(7), init(7), inetd(8) xinetd(8) insserv(8)


COPYRIGHT
       2003 SuSE Linux AG, Nuernberg, Germany.


AUTHOR
       Michael Schroeder