问题描述：

接到同事电话，在一个演示环境的数据库启动时候出现如下错误：

[oracle@node6 bin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 21 23:21:43 2012

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified

ORA-27125: unable to create shared memory segment

Linux-x86_64 Error: 1: Operation not permitted

用oracle用户登录查看当前用户的环境变量设置：

[oracle@node6 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10g

export ORACLE_SID=sch206

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

看到当前oracle用户的base目录和家目录的位置，且oracle用户默认的实例id为sch206

先查看当前实例名称：

[oracle@node6 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

sch206

查看oracle用户相关权限

[oracle@node6 ~]$ more /etc/passwd|grep oracle

oracle:x:500:500::/home/oracle:/bin/bash

由上面可以看出oracle用户的家目录是/home/oracle

验证一下用户的家目录

[oracle@node6 ~]$ pwd

/home/oracle

查看oracle软件的HOME目录：

[oracle@node6 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

/u01/oracle/10g

去到命令目录下

[oracle@node6 ~]$ cd /u01/oracle/10g/

[oracle@node6 10g]$ cd bin/

[oracle@node6 bin]$

[oracle@node6 bin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 21 23:21:43 2012

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified

ORA-27125: unable to create shared memory segment

Linux-x86_64 Error: 1: Operation not permitted

SQL> exit

核实了问题确实出现：

通过网络查询

hugetlb_shm_group contains group id that is allowed to create SysV shared memory segment using hugetlb page. When a process uses some memory, the CPU is marking the RAM as used by that process. For efficiency, the CPU allocate RAM by chunks of 4K bytes (it's the default value on many platforms). Those chunks are named pages. Those pages can be swapped to disk, etc.

Since the process address space are virtual, the CPU and the operating system have to remember which page belong to which process, and where it is stored. Obviously, the more pages you have, the more time it takes to find where the memory is mapped. When a process uses 1GB of memory, that's 262144 entries to look up (1GB / 4K). If one Page Table Entry consume 8bytes, that's 2MB (262144 * 8) to look-up.

Most current CPU architectures support bigger pages (so the CPU/OS have less entries to look-up), those are named Huge pages (on Linux), Super Pages (on BSD) or Large Pages (on Windows), but it all the same thing.

查询了一下，发现问题和linux上的hugetbl有关。这里反复提到了HugePage。

[oracle@node6 bin]$ exit

Logout

退出oracle用户

得出解决办法：

[oracle@node6 ~]$ more /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group

0

[oracle@node6 ~]$ echo 500 >>/proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group

-bash: /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group: 权限不够

[oracle@node6 ~]$ exit

logout

[root@node6 ~]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[root@node6 ~]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),502(dba)

[root@node6 ~]# echo 500 >>/proc/sys/vm/p

page-cluster panic_on_oom percpu_pagelist_fraction

将groups组追加到内核中

[root@node6 ~]# echo 500 >>/proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group

[root@node6 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@node6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 21 23:23:43 2012

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes

Fixed Size 2022144 bytes

Variable Size 503317760 bytes

Database Buffers 1627389952 bytes

Redo Buffers 14753792 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

[oracle@node6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 21 23:25:28 2012

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> show parameter log_archive_start

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

log_archive_start boolean FALSE

SQL> alter system reset log_archive_start scope=spfile sid='*';

System altered.

//重置一下日志。

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

//关闭数据库

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes

Fixed Size 2022144 bytes

Variable Size 503317760 bytes

Database Buffers 1627389952 bytes

Redo Buffers 14753792 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

//数据库启动了。

ITPub博客

ORA-27125

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