安装的过程非常痛苦，总重装重来。最后一次总算全部通过。

我需要安装的是REDHAT6.4 64位的操作系统，硬件是DELL的，内存4G

安装REDHAT时可以按照http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f66852e3856a561252d36f5f.html这篇进行，有几个不同的地方说明如下：

1、安装的时候可以直接选择DESKTOP

2、交换区内存可以设置大一点，不要默认，默认为实际内存的一半。这个值与ORACLE后续的SGA-TARGET有关，SGA-TARGET不能大于该内存

否则可能出现：ORA-00845：MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

出现这个问题可以：

01、调整sga的大小，这个明显不是我们所希望的
02、调整shm的大小，这样相对简单，具体操作如下
vi /etc/fstab
修改如下行的设置
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
改成
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=6G 0 0
保存退出
重新mount下shm使其生效
mount -o remount /dev/shm

然后查看内存使用情况：

df-h ~ grep shm

在umout时，可能会出现device is busy。比较简单的办法可以重启电脑

安装ORACLE可以按照http://www.open-open.com/doc/view/6208bf33f8d448bd9ee698f54e230739 这篇进行，有几点需要说明

1、安装之前需了解清楚之前的数据的编码集

Select * from nls_database_parameters

在创建数据库的时候选择。否则的话在导入数据的时候会出现ORA-12899，字符集的问题

[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ conn /nolog
bash: conn: command not found
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 4 16:53:40 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn sys/**** as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> exit
Disconnected
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ df -h | grep shm
tmpfs                 1.9G  909M 1006M  48% /dev/shm
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ show sga
bash: show: command not found
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ su
Password:
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# df -h | grep shm
tmpfs                 1.9G 1005M  909M  53% /dev/shm
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# umout /dev/shm
bash: umout: command not found
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# umount /dev/shm
umount: /dev/shm: device is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# umount /dev/shm
umount: /dev/shm: device is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ df -h | grep shm
tmpfs                 3.1G   80K  3.1G   1% /dev/shm

[root@oracle-DB oracle]# df -th
df: no file systems processed
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# dbca
[root@oracle-DB oracle]# su oracle
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ dbca                 delete delete
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Mar 5 09:23:04 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> show sga
SP2-0640: Not connected
SQL> exit
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ dbca                  create

restart

[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-MAR-2014 09:41:28

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.0.5)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-MAR-2014 09:42:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/HKDB/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/HKDB/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle-DB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.0.5)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                05-MAR-2014 09:42:08
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/HKDB/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle-DB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.0.5)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ dbca
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-MAR-2014 09:44:53

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                05-MAR-2014 09:42:08
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 45 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/HKDB/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle-DB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.0.5)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "hkdb" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "hkdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "hkdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "hkdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oracle-DB ~]$