这几天准备重读一下王海亮老师的《精通oracle 1og 系统管理》，自己入门的书就是这一本，但是由于开始知识太少，看的并不仔细，有些知识点没有看懂。希望这次重读能有大的收获。我在这里只记录知识的补充。

第一章

前一段时间还在想怎么用命令行查看alert file,原来在第一章就有答案

1.查找alert file路径: show parameter background_dump_dest

SQL> show parameter background_dump_dest;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

background_dump_dest string /u01/admin/oracle/bdump

2.$cd $ORACLE_HOME

cd /u01/admin/oracle/bdump

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/admin/oracle/bdump

[oracle@oracle bdump]$ ls

alert_oracle.log oracle_arc0_6620.trc oracle_arc1_13119.trc oracle_arc1_6648.trc oracle_arc2_27584.trc

3.查看alert_oracle.log

cat alert_oracle.log

用同样的方法可以查看后台进程跟踪文件，如：oracle_arc1_13119.trc

查找路径user_dump_dest可以找到服务器进程跟踪文件。

第二章

1.创建用户的方法

SQL> create user ora01 identified by ora01;

User created.

第二章主要讲解数据库的创建和OEM，比较简单。

第三章

1,区别 db_name,db_domain,global_name,instance_name,service_name

db_name:和create database 的名字一致，数据库名。

db_domain:用于指定数据库在分布网络中的逻辑位置。

global_name:db_name.db_domain

instance_name:例程名，RAC环境中标示统一数据库中的不同例程，在单例程数据库，instance_name和db_name一致。

service_name:默认为db_name.db_domain

2.pfile

在pfile中每一行只能设置一个参数

一个参数有多个值的话，用逗号隔开

用#屏蔽参数

字符型参数的值可以用引号引住，数字型参数的值则不可以。

3.show parameter 和v$parameter

4.静态参数和动态参数的区别

因为静态参数和动态参数在修改的时候要分别对待，所以要很好的区分。

静态参数：只能够通过修改参数文件pfile而改变的参数

动态参数：可以使用alter system 或者alter session修改的参数

SQL> select name from v$parameter

2 where isses_modifiable='FALSE' AND

3 issys_modifiable='FALSE';

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

lock_name_space

processes

sessions

instance_groups

event

sga_max_size

pre_page_sga

shared_memory_address

hi_shared_memory_address

use_indirect_data_buffers

lock_sga

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

shared_pool_reserved_size

java_soft_sessionspace_limit

java_max_sessionspace_size

spfile

instance_type

fileio_network_adapters

filesystemio_options

disk_asynch_io

tape_asynch_io

dbwr_io_slaves

cluster_interconnects

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

gcs_server_processes

active_instance_count

control_files

log_file_name_convert

db_block_buffers

db_block_size

db_writer_processes

buffer_pool_keep

buffer_pool_recycle

max_commit_propagation_delay

compatible

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

remote_archive_enable

log_archive_start

log_archive_format

log_buffer

db_files

read_only_open_delayed

cluster_database

parallel_server

parallel_server_instances

cluster_database_instances

gc_files_to_locks

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

recovery_parallelism

logmnr_max_persistent_sessions

dml_locks

replication_dependency_tracking

instance_number

transactions

transactions_per_rollback_segment

rollback_segments

undo_management

serial_reuse

os_roles

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

rdbms_server_dn

max_enabled_roles

remote_os_authent

remote_os_roles

O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY

remote_login_passwordfile

audit_sys_operations

global_context_pool_size

db_domain

distributed_lock_timeout

commit_point_strength

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

instance_name

cursor_space_for_time

utl_file_dir

create_bitmap_area_size

bitmap_merge_area_size

parallel_execution_message_size

shadow_core_dump

background_core_dump

audit_syslog_level

session_max_open_files

open_links

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

open_links_per_instance

audit_trail

db_name

db_unique_name

ifile

os_authent_prefix

sql92_security

blank_trimming

parallel_automatic_tuning

86 rows selected.

此条sql语句false要大写，否则会出现，no row结果。

5.scope=memory当前有效

scope=spfile重启有效

scope=both 当前和重启后皆有效，也为默认值

例子：

SQL> alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD';

alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD'

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02096: specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this

option

SQL> alter system set NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

---------

11-APR-10

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 629145600 bytes

Fixed Size 1220964 bytes

Variable Size 348130972 bytes

Database Buffers 276824064 bytes

Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

----------

2010-04-11

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02096: specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option报错解释

Alter system can be used to change initialization parameters on system level. However, some parameters, when changed with alter system don't affect sessions that are already opened at the time when the statement is executet; it only affects sessions started later. These parameters must be changed with alter system set <initialization parameter> DEFERRED, otherwise a ORA-02096:specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option error is returned.

*********************************************************未完待续****************************************************************

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