只有数据文件的备份，没有控制文件，临时文件备份，启动数据库。

只有数据文件备份
oracle@linux-rpu7:~/oradata/temobi> ls
low.dbf  sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  temp01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf  users01.dbf

生成参数文件
oracle@linux-rpu7:~/product/10.2/db_1/dbs> cp inittmorcl.ora inittemobi.ora
oracle@linux-rpu7:~/product/10.2/db_1/dbs> vi inittemobi.ora
xxxxxxxx
:1,$s/tmorcl/temobi/g

建立需要目录：
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/temobi/adump -p
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/temobi/cdump
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/temobi/bdump
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/temobi/udump
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/temobi/dpdump

oracle@linux-rpu7:~> export ORACLE_SID=temobi
oracle@linux-rpu7:~> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri May 21 20:15:22 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1266392 bytes
Variable Size             100666664 bytes
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers                2924544 bytes
建立控制文件：
SQL> create controlfile set database temobi resetlogs noarchivelog
  2  maxlogfiles 40
  3  maxlogmembers 3
  4  maxinstances 2
  5  maxdatafiles 100
  6  maxloghistory 300
  7  logfile
  8  group 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/redo01.log' size 50m,
  9  group 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/redo02.log' size 50m,
 10  group 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/redo03.log' size 50m
 11  datafile
 12  '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/system01.dbf',
 13  '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/sysaux01.dbf',
 14  '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/undotbs01.dbf',
 15  '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/users01.dbf',
 16  '/opt/oracle/oradata/temobi/low.dbf'
 17  character set zhs16gbk;

Control file created.
打开数据库
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> ho ls /opt/oracle/oradata/temobi
control01.ctl  control03.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log    system01.dbf   users01.dbf
control02.ctl  low.dbf        redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1266392 bytes
Variable Size             100666664 bytes
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers                2924544 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;  创建spfile

File created.

SQL> ho ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
hc_temobi.dat  initdw.ora  inittemobi.ora  lkTEMOBI  orapwtmorcl      spfiletemobi.ora
hc_tmorcl.dat  init.ora    inittmorcl.ora  lkTMORCL  snapcf_tmorcl.f  spfiletmorcl.ora

检查用户数据是否存在
SQL> conn low/low
Connected.
SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
TEST                           TABLE

SQL> select * from test;

OBJECT_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBOBJECT_NAME                  OBJECT_ID DATA_OBJECT_ID OBJECT_TYPE
------------------------------ ---------- -------------- -------------------
CREATED   LAST_DDL_ TIMESTAMP           STATUS  T G S
--------- --------- ------------------- ------- - - -
TEST
                                    60075          60075 TABLE
19-MAY-10 19-MAY-10 2010-05-19:16:06:29 VALID   N N N