此处从http://zhaisx.iteye.com/blog/567132处获得
0、数据库参数属性
- col PROPERTY_NAME format a25
- col PROPERTY_VALUE format a30
- col DESCRIPTION format a100
- select * from database_properties;
-
- select * from v$version;
1、求当前会话的SID,SERIAL#
- SELECT Sid, Serial# FROM V$session
- WHERE Audsid = Sys_Context('USERENV', 'SESSIONID');
2、查询session的OS进程ID
- SELECT p.Spid "OS Thread", b.NAME "Name-User", s.Program, s.Sid, s.Serial#,s.Osuser, s.Machine
- FROM V$process p, V$session s, V$bgprocess b
- WHERE p.Addr = s.Paddr
- AND p.Addr = b.Paddr And (s.sid=&1 or p.spid=&1)
- UNION ALL
- SELECT p.Spid "OS Thread", s.Username "Name-User", s.Program, s.Sid,s.Serial#, s.Osuser, s.Machine
- FROM V$process p, V$session s
- WHERE p.Addr = s.Paddr
- And (s.sid=&1 or p.spid=&1)
- AND s.Username IS NOT NULL;
3、根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
- SELECT /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */ Command_Type, Sql_Text, Sharable_Mem, Persistent_Mem, Runtime_Mem, Sorts,
- Version_Count, Loaded_Versions, Open_Versions, Users_Opening, Executions,
- Users_Executing, Loads, First_Load_Time, Invalidations, Parse_Calls,
- Disk_Reads, Buffer_Gets, Rows_Processed, SYSDATE Start_Time,
- SYSDATE Finish_Time, '>' || Address Sql_Address, 'N' Status
- FROM V$sqlarea WHERE Address = (SELECT Sql_Address
- FROM V$session WHERE Sid = &sid );
4、查找object为哪些进程所用
- SELECT p.Spid, s.Sid, s.Serial# Serial_Num, s.Username User_Name,
- a.TYPE Object_Type, s.Osuser Os_User_Name, a.Owner,
- a.OBJECT Object_Name,
- Decode(Sign(48 - Command), 1, To_Char(Command), 'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,
- p.Program Oracle_Process, s.Terminal Terminal, s.Program Program,
- s.Status Session_Status
- FROM V$session s, V$access a, V$process p
- WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr
- AND s.TYPE = 'USER'
- AND a.Sid = s.Sid
- AND a.OBJECT = '&obj'
- ORDER BY s.Username, s.Osuser
5、查看有哪些用户连接
- SELECT s.Osuser Os_User_Name,Decode(Sign(48 - Command),1,To_Char(Command),
- 'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,
- p.Program Oracle_Process, Status Session_Status, s.Terminal Terminal,
- s.Program Program, s.Username User_Name,
- s.Fixed_Table_Sequence Activity_Meter, '' Query, 0 Memory,
- 0 Max_Memory, 0 Cpu_Usage, s.Sid, s.Serial# Serial_Num
- FROM V$session s, V$process p
- WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr
- AND s.TYPE = 'USER'
- ORDER BY s.Username, s.Osuser
6、根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
- SELECT n.NAME, v.VALUE, n.CLASS, n.Statistic# FROM V$statname n, V$sesstat v
- WHERE v.Sid = &sid
- AND v.Statistic# = n.Statistic#
- ORDER BY n.CLASS, n.Statistic#
7、查询耗资源的进程(top session)
- SELECT s.Schemaname Schema_Name,Decode(Sign(48 - Command),
- 1, To_Char(Command), 'Action Code #' || To_Char(Command)) Action,Status Session_Status, s.Osuser Os_User_Name, s.Sid, p.Spid,s.Serial# Serial_Num, Nvl(s.Username, '[Oracle process]') User_Name,
- s.Terminal Terminal, s.Program Program, St.VALUE Criteria_Value
- FROM V$sesstat St, V$session s, V$process p
- WHERE St.Sid = s.Sid
- AND St.Statistic# = To_Number('38')
- AND ('ALL' = 'ALL' OR s.Status = 'ALL')
- AND p.Addr = s.Paddr
- ORDER BY St.VALUE DESC, p.Spid ASC, s.Username ASC, s.Osuser ASC
8、查看锁(lock)情况
- SELECT /*+ RULE */ Ls.Osuser Os_User_Name, Ls.Username User_Name,Decode(Ls.TYPE,
- 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock','TX', 'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') Lock_Type,o.Object_Name OBJECT,Decode(Ls.Lmode,1, NULL, 2, 'Row Share', 3, 'Row Exclusive',
- 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive',NULL) Lock_Mode,o.Owner, Ls.Sid, Ls.Serial# Serial_Num, Ls.Id1, Ls.Id2 FROM Sys.Dba_Objects o,
- (SELECT s.Osuser, s.Username, l.TYPE, l.Lmode, s.Sid, s.Serial#, l.Id1,l.Id2 FROM V$session s, V$lock l
- WHERE s.Sid = l.Sid) Ls
- WHERE o.Object_Id = Ls.Id1
- AND o.Owner <> 'SYS'
- ORDER BY o.Owner, o.Object_Name;
9、查看等待(wait)情况
- SELECT Ws.CLASS, Ws.COUNT COUNT, SUM(Ss.VALUE) Sum_Value
- FROM V$waitstat Ws, V$sysstat Ss
- WHERE Ss.NAME IN ('db block gets', 'consistent gets')
- GROUP BY Ws.CLASS, Ws.COUNT;
10、求process/session的状态
- SELECT p.Pid, p.Spid, s.Program, s.Sid, s.Serial#
- FROM V$process p, V$session s
- WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr;
11、求谁阻塞了某个session(10g)
- SELECT Sid, Username, Event, Blocking_Session, Seconds_In_Wait, Wait_Time
- FROM V$session
- WHERE State IN ('WAITING')
- AND Wait_Class != 'Idle';
12、查会话的阻塞
- col user_name format a32
- SELECT /*+ rule */ Lpad(' ', Decode(l.Xidusn, 0, 3, 0)) || l.Oracle_Username User_Name,
- o.Owner, o.Object_Name, s.Sid, s.Serial#
- FROM V$locked_Object l, Dba_Objects o, V$session s
- WHERE l.Object_Id = o.Object_Id
- AND l.Session_Id = s.Sid
- ORDER BY o.Object_Id, Xidusn DESC;
- col username format a15
- col lock_level format a8
- col owner format a18
- col object_name format a32
- SELECT /*+ rule */ s.Username,Decode(l.TYPE, 'tm', 'table lock', 'tx', 'row lock', NULL) Lock_Level,
- o.Owner, o.Object_Name, s.Sid, s.Serial#
- FROM V$session s, V$lock l, Dba_Objects o
- WHERE l.Sid = s.Sid
- AND l.Id1 = o.Object_Id(+)
- AND s.Username IS NOT NULL;
13、求等待的事件及会话信息/求会话的等待及会话信息
- SELECT Se.Sid, s.Username, Se.Event, Se.Total_Waits, Se.Time_Waited,Se.Average_Wait
- FROM V$session s, V$session_Event Se
- WHERE s.Username IS NOT NULL
- AND Se.Sid = s.Sid
- AND s.Status = 'ACTIVE'
- AND Se.Event NOT LIKE '%SQL*Net%'
- ORDER BY s.Username;
- SELECT s.Sid, s.Username, Sw.Event, Sw.Wait_Time, Sw.State,Sw.Seconds_In_Wait
- FROM V$session s, V$session_Wait Sw
- WHERE s.Username IS NOT NULL
- AND Sw.Sid = s.Sid
- AND Sw.Event NOT LIKE '%SQL*Net%'
- ORDER BY s.Username;
14、求会话等待的file_id/block_id
- col event format a24
- col p1text format a12
- col p2text format a12
- col p3text format a12
- SELECT Sid, Event, P1text, P1, P2text, P2, P3text, P3
- FROM V$session_Wait
- WHERE Event NOT LIKE '%SQL%'
- AND Event NOT LIKE '%rdbms%'
- AND Event NOT LIKE '%mon%'
- ORDER BY Event;
- SELECT NAME, Wait_Time
- FROM V$latch l
- WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1
- FROM (SELECT Sid, Event, P1text, P1, P2text, P2, P3text, P3
- FROM V$session_Wait
- WHERE Event NOT LIKE '%SQL%'
- AND Event NOT LIKE '%rdbms%'
- AND Event NOT LIKE '%mon%') x
- WHERE x.P1 = l.Latch#);
15、求会话等待的对象
- col owner format a18
- col segment_name format a32
- col segment_type format a32
- SELECT Owner, Segment_Name, Segment_Type
- FROM Dba_Extents
- WHERE File_Id = &File_Id
- AND &Block_Id BETWEEN Block_Id AND Block_Id + Blocks - 1;
16、求出某个进程,并对它进行跟踪
- SELECT s.Sid, s.Serial#
- FROM V$session s, V$process p
- WHERE s.Paddr = p.Addr
- AND p.Spid = &1;
- Exec Dbms_System.Set_Sql_Trace_In_Session(&1, &2, TRUE);
- Exec Dbms_System.Set_Sql_Trace_In_Session(&1, &2, FALSE);
17、求当前session的跟踪文件
- SELECT P1.VALUE || '/' || P2.VALUE || '_ora_' || p.Spid || '.ora' Filename
- FROM V$process p, V$session s, V$parameter P1, V$parameter P2
- WHERE P1.NAME = 'user_dump_dest'
- AND P2.NAME = 'instance_name'
- AND p.Addr = s.Paddr
- AND s.Audsid = Userenv('SESSIONID')
- AND p.Background IS NULL
- AND Instr(p.Program, 'CJQ') = 0;
18、求出锁定的对象
- SELECT Do.Object_Name, Session_Id, Process, Locked_Mode
- FROM V$locked_Object Lo, Dba_Objects Do
- WHERE Lo.Object_Id = Do.Object_Id;
19、DB_Cache建议
- SELECT size_for_estimate, buffers_for_estimate, estd_physical_read_factor, estd_physical_reads
- FROM V$DB_CACHE_ADVICE
- WHERE name = 'DEFAULT'
- AND block_size = (SELECT value FROM V$PARAMETER WHERE name = 'db_block_size')
- AND advice_status = 'ON';
20、查看各项SGA相关参数:SGA,SGASTAT
- select substr(name,1,10) name,substr(value,1,10) value
- from v$parameter where name = 'log_buffer';
-
- select * from v$sgastat ;
-
- select * from v$sga;
-
- show parameters area_size #查看 各项区域内存参数, 其中sort_area为排序参数用;
-
- 各项视图建议参数值:V$DB_CACHE_ADVICE、 V$SHARED_POOL_ADVICE),关于PGA
- 也有相关视图V$PGA_TARGET_ADVICE 等。
21、内存使用锁定在物理内存:
- AIX 5L(AIX 4.3.3 以上)
- logon aix as root
- cd /usr/samples/kernel
- ./vmtune (信息如下) v_pingshm已经是1
- ./vmtune -S 1
- 然后oracle用户修改initSID.ora 中 lock_sga = true
- 重新启动数据库
-
- HP UNIX
- Root身份登陆
- Create the file "/etc/privgroup": vi /etc/privgroup
- Add line "dba MLOCK" to file
- As root, run the command "/etc/setprivgrp -f /etc/privgroup":
- $/etc/setprivgrp -f /etc/privgroup
- oracle用户修改initSID.ora中lock_sga=true
- 重新启动数据库
-
- SOLARIS (solaris2.6以上)
- 8i版本以上数据库默认使用隐藏参数 use_ism = true ,自动锁定SGA于内存中,不用设置
- lock_sga, 如果设置 lock_sga =true 使用非 root 用户启动数据库将返回错误。
-
- WINDOWS (作用不大)
- 不能设置lock_sga=true,可以通过设置pre_page_sga=true,使得数据库启动的时候就把所有内
- 存页装载,这样可能起到一定的作用。
22、内存参数调整
- 数据缓冲区命中率
- select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads';
-
- select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads direct';
-
- select value from v$sysstat where name ='physical reads direct (lob)';
-
- select value from v$sysstat where name ='consistent gets';
-
- select value from v$sysstat where name = 'db block gets';
-
- 这里命中率的计算应该是
- 令 x = physical reads direct + physical reads direct (lob)
- 命中率 =100 - ( physical reads - x) / (consistent gets + db block gets - x)*100
- 通常如果发现命中率低于90%,则应该调整应用可可以考虑是否增大数据缓冲区;
-
- 共享池的命中率
- select sum(pinhits)/sum(pins)*100 "hit radio" from v$librarycache;
-
- 假如共享池的命中率低于95%,就要考虑调整应用(通常是没使用bind var )或者增加内存;
-
- 关于排序部分
- select name,value from v$sysstat where name like '%sort%';
-
- 假如我们发现sorts (disk)/ (sorts (memory)+ sorts (disk))的比例过高,则通常意味着
- sort_area_size 部分内存较小,可考虑调整相应的参数。
-
- 关于log_buffer
- select name,value from v$sysstat
- where name in('redo entries','redo buffer allocation retries');
-
- 假如 redo buffer allocation retries/ redo entries 的比例超过1%我们就可以考虑增大log_buffer
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:https://blog.itpub.net/21907916/viewspace-712337/
,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。