oracle 11g 之linux redhat 5.5上的安装

第一：不用核查安装包是否安装
第二：在ORACLE 11G安装到核对包是否按安装的包的那一步检查到缺少包时，再回头来安装
ls -l *.rpm
rpm -ivh *.rpm
第三：创建组，用户以及目录，授权
创建组和用户
[root@redhat ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
[root@redhat ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
[root@redhat ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@redhat ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
[root@redhat ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
创建目录
[root@redhat ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/product
[root@redhat ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/product/OraHome
[root@redhat ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oraInventory
[root@redhat ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/oradata
[root@redhat ~]# mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle
授权
[root@redhat ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle
[root@redhat ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle/oradata
[root@redhat ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle/product/OraHome
[root@redhat ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oraInventory
[root@redhat ~]# chown oracle:dba /var/opt/oracle
[root@redhat ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle
[root@redhat ~]# chmod -R 775 /var/opt/oracle

第四：在/etc/sysctl.conf 文件中添加以下的内容
kernel.shmmax = 536870912（以字节为单位，物理内存数量*1024*1024*2，为内存2的倍数）

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 5033164800
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

是参数生效
# /sbin/sysctl -p

第五：在/etc/security/limits.conf 文件中添加以下的内容
oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

第六 在  /etc/pam.d/login 文件中添加以下的内容
session required pam_limits.so
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

第七 切换用户设置环境变量
vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/OraHome
export ORACLE_SID=tsfyhisa
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
执行以下命令让配置立刻生效或是用oracle 用户登录使设置生效
source $HOME/.bash_profile

第八
[root@redhat u01]# xhost +
[root@redhat u01]# xhost + localhost
[root@redhat u01]# export DISPLAY=192.168.100.92:0.0（其中的ip地址指的是宿主机的ip地址）
错误解决：
[root@centos ~]# xhost +
xhost:  unable to open display "0.0"（报出的错误信息）
[root@centos ~]# vi .bash_profile 
# .bash_profile


# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi


# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin


export PATH
export DISPLAY=:0.0（添加的内容）
~
".bash_profile" 13L, 196C written
[root@centos ~]# source .bash_profile 
[root@centos ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

第九 解压授权
[root@redhat u01]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@redhat u01]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
移动到/u01下 mv database/ /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall database/
第十 安装
cd /database
./runInstaller -ignoreSysprereqs
第十一 错误处理
[oracle@centos database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysprereqs
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...


Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 33659 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4863 MB    Passed
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:164)
        at java.awt.Toolkit$2.run(Toolkit.java:821)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(Toolkit.java:804)
        at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.isLowResolution(Unknown Source)
        at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.(Unknown Source)
        at com.jgoodies.looks.plastic.PlasticLookAndFeel.(PlasticLookAndFeel.java:122)
        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:242)
        at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.loadSystemClass(SwingUtilities.java:1783)
        at javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.java:480)
        at oracle.install.commons.util.Application.startup(Application.java:758)
        at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:164)
        at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:181)
        at oracle.install.commons.base.driver.common.Installer.startup(Installer.java:265)
        at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.startup(DBInstaller.java:114)
        at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.main(DBInstaller.java:132)
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors
    >>> Could not execute auto check for display colors using command /usr/bin/xdpyinfo. Check if the DISPLAY variable is set.    Failed <<<<


>>> Ignoring required pre-requisite failures. Continuing...


Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-03-03_04-15-19PM. Please wait ...^C[oracle@centos database]$ ^C

处理方法：
禁用selinux
setenforce 0
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled
关闭防火墙:
service iptables stop
chkconfig –level 2345 iptables off