Oracle数据库工程师手记：备份恢复双城记(一)
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本文作者系大连健哥、 POSTGRESQL、ORACLE 数据库资深从业人员、IT 技术的深度爱好者。相信科学改变人类、技术创造未来。个人主页：https://www.cnblogs.com/gaojian/，经其本人授权发布。
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有的时候，客户会有这样一种需求：他需要把数据库整体移行(移植)到另外一个硬件服务器上，但是，客户希望，尽可能地减少对 数据库用户的影响，当新数据库启用之前，客户希望他的数据库用户仍然能够访问数据库。
其实，最适合的方法，就是建立 Data Guard 了，无论原来的数据库有什么变更，都可以通过 redo 数据， 同步到新的数据库上。但是有的用户，对 Data Guard 的构筑过程不够熟悉，担心出现各种问题，那么就需要找到一些别的方法。
有的客户，会期待用自己所熟悉的备份、恢复的方法，在两个数据库服务器硬件之间进行腾挪，实现利用全备份+ 增分备份的方式，实现最小化停机时间，来完成迁移。想象一下，普通的备份恢复是什么样子，比如：
rman>run{restore database;<br> recover database;}
然而，我现在需要的，却是这么一种方式：
在 dest 数据库，用第一次的备份，进行 restore。
继续在 source 数据库 和 dest 数据库直接，不断传递备份文件。
用第二次的备份，进行 recover，
用第三次的备份，再进行 recover，
......
用最后一次的备份，进行 recover,
用最新的 archive log ，进行 recover。
那么，在dest 端，从 rman 执行的就是类似这样的命令：
restore database;recover database;recover database;
能否可以实现呢，我把步骤细化一番，进行试验。在真正开始用在两个服务器之间进行腾挪之前，我先用一台机器模拟一下。我的设想是这样的：
首先，进行 level 0 的备份。紧接着，进行控制文件的备份。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，执行 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，再执行一轮 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，再执行一轮 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
至此，备份完成。
然后，开始进行恢复测试，删除数据库的数据文件、online redo，并且把 archive log 挪走。
statup nomount 启动，恢复前面的 控制文件 (restore controlfile)，将数据库设置为 mount 状态。
执行 restore database;
由于控制文件是比较陈旧的，所以，它没有上面三次 level 1 的增分备份的信息，
所以，
a)我用 catalog 命令，依次进行：catalog start with '增分备份所在的目录';
b)紧接着执行 recover database;
重复上述 a) b) 三次。
然后，还缺少最后的 archive log, 我再注册 archive log，然后执行最后一次的 recover database;
最后，执行 alter database open resetlogs;
具体的过程是这样的：
第一次，执行 level 0 备份：
backup incremental level 0 database format '/refresh/home/bak00/%U';backup current controlfile format '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks';
得到的备份信息：
RMAN> list backup;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bksControl File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08RMAN>
注意这里得到的 level 0 增分备份的 checkpoint time: 20210403_07:07:18。
然后执行更新操作：
SQL> create table tab001 as select * from dba_objects;
这时，进行 level 1 增分备份(第一回)：
backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak01/%U';然后，执行日志切换（这里是为了查看后来的恢复操作时需要哪些 archive log）(第一回):
SQL> alter system switch logfile;SQL> alter system switch logfile;
此时，得到的备份信息和 archive log 信息如下：
RMAN> list backup;using target database control file instead of recovery catalogList of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bksControl File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 10File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37RMAN> list archivelog all;List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204=====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time------- ---- ------- - -----------------3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbfRMAN>
接下来，再进行第二次的 level 1 的增分备份：
对数据库进行一些变更（第二回）：
SQL> create table tab002 as select * from dba_objects;执行level 1 增分备份（第二回）：
backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak02/%U';再次日志切换（第二回）：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;SQL> alter system switch logfile;
查看备份信息和 archive log 信息：
RMAN> list backup;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bksControl File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 10File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------12 Incr 1 9.93M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:12:57BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 12File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------13 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:12:59BP Key: 13 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992145 Ckp time: 20210403_07:12:57RMAN> list archivelog all;using target database control file instead of recovery catalogList of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204=====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time------- ---- ------- - -----------------3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf5 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_4_1068879009.dbfRMAN>
再来一回(第三回)：
数据库变更（第三回）：
SQL> create table tab003 as select * from dba_objects;level 1 增分备份（第三回）：
backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak03/%U';日志切换(第三回)：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;SQL> alter system switch logfile;
再次查看备份信息和 archive log 信息：
RMAN> list backup;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bksControl File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 10File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------12 Incr 1 9.93M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:12:57BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 12File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------13 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:12:59BP Key: 13 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992145 Ckp time: 20210403_07:12:57BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------14 Incr 1 9.82M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:15:56BP Key: 14 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071555Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 14File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------15 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:15:58BP Key: 15 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071555Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992323 Ckp time: 20210403_07:15:57RMAN>RMAN> list archivelog all;using target database control file instead of recovery catalogList of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204=====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time------- ---- ------- - -----------------3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf5 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf7 1 5 A 20210403_07:13:41Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf8 1 6 A 20210403_07:16:41Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_6_1068879009.dbfRMAN>
再作一点变更吧，并且把 online redo 切换出来，再记录一下 datafile 和 online redo 的位置，然后停机。
SQL> create table tab004 as select * from dba_objects;Table created.SQL> alter system switch logfile;System altered.SQL> select * from v$log;GROUP---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---STATUS FIRST_CHANGE---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------1 1 7 52428800 512 1 YESACTIVE 992359 03-APR-21 992471 03-APR-212 1 8 52428800 512 1 NOCURRENT 992471 03-APR-21 2.8147E+143 1 6 52428800 512 1 YESINACTIVE 992355 03-APR-21 992359 03-APR-21SQL> select member from v$logfile;MEMBER--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo03.log/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo02.log/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo01.logSQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfSQL>SQL> shutdown immediate;
好了，现在我可以开始进行恢复的试验了：
把数据文件和online redo 统统挪走：
-bash-4.1$ pwd/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204-bash-4.1$ ls -lrttotal 1520276-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 20979712 Apr 3 06:50 temp01.dbf-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:16 redo03.log-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:17 redo01.log-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:20 redo02.log-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 817897472 Apr 3 07:20 system01.dbf-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 31465472 Apr 3 07:20 undotbs01.dbf-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 524296192 Apr 3 07:20 sysaux01.dbf-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 5251072 Apr 3 07:20 users01.dbf-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:20 control02.ctl-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:20 control01.ctl-bash-4.1$ cd ..-bash-4.1$ mv orcl11204 orcl11204.bak-bash-4.1$ mkdir orcl11204
再把 archive log 挪走：
-bash-4.1$ mkdir -p /refresh/home/arc-bash-4.1$ mv /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arc* /refresh/home/arc-bash-4.1$ ls -lrt /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbstotal 9544-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oracle 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora-rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 24 Aug 24 2017 lkORCL1120-rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 1536 Aug 24 2017 orapworcl11204-rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 24 Aug 24 2017 lkORCL11204-rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 3584 Apr 3 06:50 spfileorcl11204.ora-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:15 snapcf_orcl11204.f-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 1544 Apr 3 07:20 hc_orcl11204.dat
下面，nomount 模式启动，然后恢复出旧的控制文件，这是为了模拟将来在新机器上只有旧的控制文件的操作。
rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 07:22:59 2021Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.connected to target database (not started)startup nomount;restore controlfile from '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks';Starting restore at 20210403_07:25:03using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control filechannel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control01.ctloutput file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control02.ctlFinished restore at 20210403_07:25:04alter database mount;database mountedreleased channel: ORA_DISK_1RMAN>
可以看到，因为控制文件的信息比较陈旧，它只有第一次level 0 备份的信息：
RMAN> list backup;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33RMAN> list archivelog all;specification does not match any archived log in the repositoryRMAN>
执行 restore 操作：
restore database;Starting restore at 20210403_07:26:13allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restorechannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T070718channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07Finished restore at 20210403_07:26:21RMAN>
然后，我开始把第一回的 level 1 增分备份信息注册回来，执行 recover database：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak01';searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak01List of Files Unknown to the Database=====================================File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bksFile Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yescataloging files...cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files=======================File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bksFile Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
可以看到，备份的信息增加了：
RMAN> list backup;List of Backup Sets===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------9 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:38BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------10 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_06:29:06BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T062906Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bksControl File Included: Ckp SCN: 989812 Ckp time: 20210403_06:29:06BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------11 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 11File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfRMAN> list archivelog all;specification does not match any archived log in the repositoryRMAN>
那么，我可以进行第一次的 recover database 的操作了:
RMAN> recover database;Starting recover at 20210403_07:27:21using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restorechannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup setdestination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T070936channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01starting media recoveryunable to find archived logarchived log thread=1 sequence=1RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:27:23RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848RMAN>
出 warnnig 其实很正常，因为只要不是指定 set until time/scn/archive log， Oracle 肯定要往下一直找 archive log的。
recover database 的执行过程，确实用到了第一回 level 1 增分备份的备份集合：09vrbk9h_1_1。
但是注意看我的 level 0 的备份信息的 Ckp Time：
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1List of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
Level 0 备份当时的 log 显示：
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210403_07:07:18channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210403_07:07:33
可以近似地认为，Level 0 备份，包含了 07:07:18开始，截止至 07：07：33 的内容。
而 archive log 的信息显示：
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time------- ---- ------- - -----------------3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
thread 1 with sequence 1 的 archive log，它包含的变更内容的时间范围涵盖 06:50:09 -- 07:10:22。
我执行了 level 1 的增分备份所对应的那一部分 recover databse，然而 rman 似乎只记得 第一次 level 0 增分时的状况，它在向我要求：thread 1 with sequence 1 的 archive log ！换句话说，数据库无视了已经利用Level 1 增分备份的执行成功的状况，它仍然在寻找用从 Level 0 备份执行 restore database 之后的 SCN 来计算的内容。
为了看得更清楚一些，再把第二回 level 1 增分备份注册，然后执行 restore database：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak02';searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak02List of Files Unknown to the Database=====================================File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yescataloging files...cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files=======================File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1RMAN> recover database;Starting recover at 20210403_07:28:26using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restorechannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup setdestination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T071257channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01starting media recoveryunable to find archived logarchived log thread=1 sequence=1RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:28:28RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848RMAN>
仍然没有变化，还在要 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 ！
再把第三回的 level 1 增分备份注册上来：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak03';searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak03List of Files Unknown to the Database=====================================File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yescataloging files...cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files=======================File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1RMAN> recover database;Starting recover at 20210403_07:30:19using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restorechannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup setdestination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbfdestination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T071555channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01starting media recoveryunable to find archived logarchived log thread=1 sequence=1RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:30:20RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848RMAN>
结果仍然没有改变。通过 SQL ，看看 v$datafile，和 v$dataile_header，可以看出问题来：
alter session set nls_date_format='yyyymmdd_hh24:mi:ss';Session altered.SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile;FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME---------- ------------------ -----------------1 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***2 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***3 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***4 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***SQL>SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile_header;FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME---------- ------------------ -----------------1 992322 20210403_07:15:562 992322 20210403_07:15:563 992322 20210403_07:15:564 992322 20210403_07:15:56SQL>
v$datafile 反映的是 controlfile 中的结果，而 v$datafile_header 反映的是数据文件中的实际情况。虽然，我每一次的 recover database 都改变了 datafile，但是由于我已经执行过了 restore database，数据库就以执行 restore database 时，它的控制文件中记录的内容，来决定要哪些 archive log。没办法了，只好注册所有的 archive log， 再次执行 recover database。
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/arc';using target database control file instead of recovery catalogsearching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/arcList of Files Unknown to the Database=====================================File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbfDo you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yescataloging files...cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files=======================File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbfFile Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbfRMAN> list archivelog all;List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204=====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time------- ---- ------- - -----------------8 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf3 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf7 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf5 1 5 A 20210403_07:13:41Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf9 1 6 A 20210403_07:16:41Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf4 1 7 A 20210403_07:16:46Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbfRMAN> recover database;Starting recover at 20210403_07:37:40allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISKstarting media recoveryarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 6 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbfarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbfarchived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=1archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=2archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=3archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=4archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=5archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=6archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=7unable to find archived logarchived log thread=1 sequence=8RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============RMAN-00571: ===========================================================RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:37:41RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 and starting SCN of 992471RMAN>RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;database openedRMAN>SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyymmdd_hh24:mi:ss';Session altered.SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile;FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME---------- ------------------ -----------------1 992475 20210403_07:38:252 992475 20210403_07:38:253 992475 20210403_07:38:254 992475 20210403_07:38:25SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile_header;FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME---------- ------------------ -----------------1 992475 20210403_07:38:252 992475 20210403_07:38:253 992475 20210403_07:38:254 992475 20210403_07:38:25SQL>
我真的失败了吗？其实也没有，只要我保留最新的控制文件，再来多次执行 recover database， 不就可以成功了吗？换句话说，在两个机器之间，我执行最后一次 recover 之前，我把 source 端的控制文件备份出来，恢复到 dest 端，由于它包含了全部的备份新，我再执行 recover ，应该可以成功的。
请拭目以待我的下一次两个机器之间的备份恢复试验。
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