4、修复control_file错误

Control_files定义的控制文件列表中，采用的是多路备份方式。所以在内容上，所有的文件都是一样的。使用操作系统层面上的复制粘贴方式，恢复出备份。

//尝试恢复

[oracle@oracle11g trace]$ cd /u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfile/

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ pwd

/u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfile

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ ls -l

total 19072

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o2bak.ctl

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ cp o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl o2.ctl

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ ls -l

total 28608

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o2bak.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:31 o2.ctl

再次视图启动数据库。

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 30 15:31:55 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> startup

ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  414298112 bytes

Fixed Size                  1336904 bytes

Variable Size             318769592 bytes

Database Buffers           88080384 bytes

Redo Buffers                6111232 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

启动成功。

5、恢复原有control_files参数

最后我们恢复实验环境，提出o2.ctl的控制文件身份。

//处理掉原来的文件

SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

control_files                        string      /u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfile/o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl, /u01/flash_recovery_area/WILSON/controlfile/o1_mf_6bcsqmd8_.ctl, /u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfile/o2.ctl

SQL> alter system set control_files='/u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfile/o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl', '/u01/flash_recovery_area/WILSON/controlfile/o1_mf_6bcsqmd8_.ctl' scope=spfile;

System altered

之后，重新启动数据库即可成效。

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 30 15:35:57 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ ls -l

total 28608

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:35 o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o2bak.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:35 o2.ctl

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ rm o2.ctl

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ ls -l

total 19072

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:35 o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jun 30 15:27 o2bak.ctl

//重新启动

[oracle@oracle11g controlfile]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 30 15:36:26 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  414298112 bytes

Fixed Size                  1336904 bytes

Variable Size             318769592 bytes

Database Buffers           88080384 bytes

Redo Buffers                6111232 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

control_files                        string      /u01/oradata/WILSON/controlfil

                                                 e/o1_mf_6bcsqm50_.ctl, /u01/fl

                                                 ash_recovery_area/WILSON/contr

                                                 olfile/o1_mf_6bcsqmd8_.ctl

6、结论

Control_file的多路备份，可以减少由于硬件原因引起的数据库致命伤害。控制文件中包括了一些核心数据信息，进行操作一定要小心。