引用的符号是&，指针的符号是*

先来看看一段测试代码，

   1: #include "stdafx.h"

   2: #include

   3: using namespace std;

   4: int globalJ =999;

5:

   6: //返回值

   7: int test1()

   8: {

   9:     int j =1;

  10:     cout<<"in test1(),[return value]  the varaible j's address :"<<&j<  11:  
  12:     return j;
  13: }
  14:  
  15: //使用局部变量，返回引用
  16: int& test2()
  17: {
  18:  int j =998;
  19:  cout<<"in test2(),[use field variable and return reference]  the local varaible J's address :"<<&j<  20:  cout<<"in test2(),[use field variable and return reference]  the local varaible J's value :"<  21:  
  22:   return j;
  23: }
  24:  
  25: //使用全局变量，返回引用
  26: int& test3()
  27: {
  28:     
  29:     cout<<"in test3(),[use global variable and return reference] the varaible globalJ's address :"<<&globalJ<  30:     
  31:     return globalJ;
  32: }
  33:  
  34:  
  35: //返回指针
  36: int* test4()
  37: {
  38:     int j =998;
  39:     cout<<"in test4(),[use field variable and return pointer]  the local varaible J's address :"<<&j<  40:  cout<<"in test4(),[use field variable and return pointer]  the local varaible J's value :"<  41:  
  42:  
  43:   return &j;  
  44: }
  45: //返回指针
  46: int* test5()
  47: {
  48:     cout<<"in test5()[use global variable and return pointer] , the varaible globalJ's address :"<<&globalJ<  49:     return &globalJ;  
  50: }
  51:  
  52:  
  53: int main(int argc, char* argv[])
  54: {
  55:     printf("Hello functions!\n");
  56:     
  57:     int testresultvalue =0;
  58:     testresultvalue = test1();
  59:     cout<<"testResultValue address :"<<&testresultvalue <  60:     cout<<"testResultValue value:"<  61:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  62:  
  63:  
  64:     int & testResultReference  = test2();
  65:     cout<<"testResultReference address :"<<&testResultReference <  66:     cout<<"testResultReference value:"<  67:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  68:  
  69:     testResultReference = test3();
  70:     cout<<"testResultReference address :"<<&testResultReference <  71:     cout<<"testResultReference value:"<  72:     testResultReference = 4;
  73:     cout<<"reset to 4"<  74:     cout<<"testResultReference address :"<<&testResultReference <  75:     cout<<"testResultReference value:"<  76:     
  77:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  78:  
  79:     int & testResultReference2 = test3();
  80:     cout<<"testResultReference2 address :"<<&testResultReference2 <  81:     cout<<"testResultReference2 value:"<  82:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  83:  
  84:     int* testResultPtr;
  85:     testResultPtr = test4();
  86:     cout<<"testResult address :"<  87:     cout<<"testResult value:"<<*testResultPtr<  88:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  89:     
  90:     testResultPtr = test5();
  91:     cout<<"testResult address :"<  92:     cout<<"testResult value:"<<*testResultPtr<  93:     cout<<"slit line----------------------------------"<  94:  
  95:  
  96:  
  97:      int temp;
  98:     cin>>temp;
  99:  
 100:     return 0;
 101: }
 102: