（1）：
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 205520896 bytes
Fixed Size 1218532 bytes
Variable Size 83888156 bytes
Database Buffers 117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-16038: log 1 sequence# 53 cannot be archived
ORA-19809: limit exceeded for recovery files
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mediadb/redo01.log'
当归档日志超过1G的时候，空间不足，于是无法归档，当时手工删除归档日志文件，Oracle是无法识别空间是否释放。导致数据库无法启动
解决方法通常包括：
1. 提高参数db_recovery_file_dest_size
- 使用sqlplus /nolog
- 登录，SQL> connect /as sysdba;
- SQL> startup mount;
- SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=4G SCOPE=BOTH;
- SQL> alter database open;
2. 关闭闪回功能（如果你确实不再需要该功能）
- 使用sqlplus /nolog登录，connect /as sysdba;
- SQL> alter system archive log stop;
3. 删除无用的归档文件并更新rman记录
- 查看对应initxxx.ora，找不到的话可以在$ORACLE_HOME下搜索，找对应SID的即可
- 在initxxx.ora中找到# File Configuration部分，可以看到db_recovery_file_dest=XXXXX，即为数据闪回区的日志文件记录位置。
- 进入闪回区目录，查看对应SID下的archivelog文件夹内内容，删除旧的日志归档文件
- 使用RMAN命令，RMAN> connect target /
- 使用命令RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all，该操作将标明哪些归档文件已被删除
- 使用命令RMAN> delete expired archivelog all，该命令将删除rman controlfile中相应的记录
current: 当前正在使用的工作组
inactive: 非活动组
active : 归档还没有完成
unused : 还没有使用,一般新建的工组组都是这个状态
在active,current状态下的工作组都不能删除,要日志切换后才可以
参数db_recovery_file_dest_size的值根据磁盘剩余空间大小和实际需要来设置，没有定论
alter database clear logfile group 2
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 2 of instance mediadb (thread 1) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mediadb/redo02.log'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 205520896 bytes
Fixed Size 1218532 bytes
Variable Size 79693852 bytes
Database Buffers 121634816 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 59
Next log sequence to archive 61
Current log sequence 61
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAY-2009 15:35:24
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain.viewtoo)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 04-MAY-2009 15:38:35
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 3 min. 9 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain.viewtoo)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
TZ set to PRC
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control .................... started.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/localhost.localdomain_mediadb/sysman/log
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 4 15:19:33 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: MEDIADB (DBID=954190712)
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=142 devtype=DISK
validation failed for archived log...
.....
Crosschecked 45 objects
RMAN> delete expired archivelog all;
.....
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
.......
SQL> select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
SUM(PERCENT_SPACE_USED)*3/100
-----------------------------
2.9331
SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=4g scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
SUM(PERCENT_SPACE_USED)*3/100
-----------------------------
2.9331
可以看到，这里已经有 2.9331G使用了，这说明我们刚开始设置的db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G不足，导致online redo log无法归档，在这里，我们通过设置db_recovery_file_dest_size参数，增大了flash recovery area来解决这个问题。
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