ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/products/10.1.0.3/db_1/dbs/initrawdb.ora'

解决办法：

cp $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile/init.ora /opt/oracle/products/10.1.0.3/db_1/dbs/initrawdb.ora

> sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Jun 8 13:16:00 2006

Copyright (c) 1982, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 778212 bytes
Variable Size 57679900 bytes
Database Buffers 109051904 bytes
Redo Buffers 262144 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

问题解决！

注：Oracle在启动过程中,需要读取参数文件(pfile/spfile)来创建实例.Oracle在启动过程中,寻找参数文件的顺序为:spfile.ora,spfile.ora,init.ora.

问题补充：错误信息：
SQL> conn sys/oracle@xzomc as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup pfile=/oracleapp/u01/app/oracle/admin/xzomc/pfile/initgomcr.ora
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/oracleapp/u01/app/oracle/admin/xzomc/pfile/initgomcr.ora'
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

解决办法:
$ cp $ORACLE_BASE/admin/xzomc/pfile/init.ora.728200794421 /oracleapp/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/initrawdb.ora

SQL> conn sys/oracle@xzomc as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup pfile=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/xzomc/pfile/init.ora.728200794421
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2550136832 bytes
Fixed Size 1980808 bytes
Variable Size 536872568 bytes
Database Buffers 1996488704 bytes
Redo Buffers 14794752 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

也可能是ORACLE_SID的问题

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib

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ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

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