如果有大量数据块损坏，那么又该如何修复呢？
1. 通过ue修改大量数据块，模拟数据块损坏：
2.用dbv检查数据文件
[oracle@rhel mbs]$ dbv file=users01.dbf blocksize=8192
DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 18 13:39:46 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = users01.dbf
Page 2127 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c0084f (file 3, block 2127)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c0084f
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a0f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a0f0601
check value in block header: 0x44e3
computed block checksum: 0x1c50
Page 5278 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c0149e (file 3, block 5278)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c0149e
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a1c seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a1c0601
check value in block header: 0xde1f
computed block checksum: 0x2310
Page 5279 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c0149f (file 3, block 5279)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c0149f
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a1c seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a1c0601
check value in block header: 0xa0c3
computed block checksum: 0x4500
Page 5650 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c01612 (file 3, block 5650)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c01612
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a1e seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a1e0601
check value in block header: 0x5165
computed block checksum: 0x3919
Page 6906 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c01afa (file 3, block 6906)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c01afa
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a22 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a220601
check value in block header: 0xf383
computed block checksum: 0x3723
Page 7572 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c01d94 (file 3, block 7572)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c01d94
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a26 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a260601
check value in block header: 0x9b44
computed block checksum: 0x5076
Page 8777 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00c02249 (file 3, block 8777)
Bad check value found during dbv:
Data in bad block:
type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00c02249
last change scn: 0x0000.00061a2a seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value in tail: 0x1a2a0601
check value in block header: 0x2008
computed block checksum: 0x320
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 12800
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 10087
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 11
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 2695
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 7
Total Pages Influx : 0
Highest block SCN : 399919 (0.399919)
可见，共有7个数据块损坏。
3.通过rman来检查有哪些数据块损坏
RMAN> backup validate database;
Starting backup at 18-JUL-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=144 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/db/oracle/oradata/mbs/MBS/datafile/o1_mf_system_80bnvf2j_.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/db/oracle/oradata/mbs/MBS/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_80bnvm5g_.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/db/oracle/oradata/mbs/MBS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_80bnvnr8_.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/db/oracle/oradata/mbs/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/home/db/oracle/oradata/mbs/users02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 18-JUL-12
RMAN> exit
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------
4 5650 1 0 CHECKSUM
4 6906 1 0 CHECKSUM
4 2127 1 0 CHECKSUM
4 8777 1 0 CHECKSUM
4 7572 1 0 CHECKSUM
4 5278 2 0 CHECKSUM
也可以通过视图V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION来查询曾经有哪些坏块：
SQL> select * from V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION;
RECID STAMP SET_STAMP SET_COUNT PIECE# FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# MAR CORRUPTIO
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ --- ---------
1 788964343 788964338 3 1 5 321 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
2 788965956 788965953 13 1 5 183 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
3 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 2127 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
4 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 5278 2 0 YES CHECKSUM
5 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 5650 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
6 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 6906 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
7 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 7572 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
8 788967874 788967871 15 1 4 8777 1 0 YES CHECKSUM
8 rows selected.
4. 使用RMAN将所有的坏块修复
RMAN> BLOCKRECOVER CORRUPTION LIST;
Starting blockrecover at 18-JUL-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=159 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s)
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set
restoring blocks of datafile 00004
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/db/oracle/recovery/MBS/backupset/2012_07_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120718T130004_80djpnlt_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/db/oracle/recovery/MBS/backupset/2012_07_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120718T130004_80djpnlt_.bkp tag=TAG20120718T130004
channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished blockrecover at 18-JUL-12
5.再次用DBV检查数据文件
[oracle@rhel mbs]$ dbv file=users01.dbf blocksize=8192
DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 18 13:49:54 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = users01.dbf
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 12800
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 10094
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 11
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 2695
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Pages Influx : 0
Highest block SCN : 399919 (0.399919)
可见，所有的坏块都已经被修复。
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/10972173/viewspace-738651/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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