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Oracle手工不完全恢复（一）：使用当前控制文件

原创 Oracle 作者：迷倪小魏 时间：2017-08-02 22:12:00 0 删除 编辑

实验环境

操作系统：CentOS 7.1

数据库：Oracle 11.2.0.4


目录

示例一：基于SCN或时间点的恢复----恢复过去某个时间误删除的表

示例二：当前日志组损坏，造成数据库崩溃

示例三：归档日志丢失或损坏



示例一：基于SCN或时间点的恢复----恢复过去某个时间误删除的表


环境：

（1）提前对数据库做一次全库冷备份；

（2）在seiang用户下有一张test1表隶属于seiang表空间；


定位错误操作发生的时间或SCN：logminer


  2. SYS@seiang11g>select owner,table_name,tablespace_name from dba_tables 
  3.   2 where owner = 'SEIANG';

  5. OWNER TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
  6. ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
  7. SEIANG TEST1 SEIANG
  8. SEIANG TEST2 WJQ
  9. SEIANG TEST3 WJQBEST

  11. --查看test1表中数据的内容
  12. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  14. ID NAME AGE
  15. ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
  16.       1 wjq 23
  17.       2 seiang 24

  19. --查看当前日志序号为52
  20. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  22.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  23. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  24.          1 52 CURRENT
  25.          2 50 INACTIVE
  26.          3 51 INACTIVE

  28. --误删除表test1表，同时purge
  29. SYS@seiang11g>set time on
  30. 11:32:47 SYS@seiang11g>drop table seiang.test1 purge;
  31. Table dropped.

  33. 11:34:49 SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  34. Commit complete.

  36. --进行两次日志切换
  37. 11:37:31 SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  38. System altered.

  40. 11:37:51 SYS@seiang11g>/
  41. System altered.

  43. --查看当前日志序号为54
  44. 11:38:00 SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  46.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  47. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  48.          1 52 ACTIVE
  49.          2 53 ACTIVE
  50.          3 54 CURRENT

  52. SYS@seiang11g>alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';11:38:04 SYS@seiang11g>select name from v$archived_log;

  54. NAME
  55. ------------------------------------------------------------
  56. ………(省略N条归档日志)……….
  57. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_49.log
  58. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_50.log
  59. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_51.log
  60. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_52.log（test1表的删除记录在该归档日志文件中）
  61. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_53.log


  64. 49 rows selected. SYS@seiang11g>select name,first_time,next_time from v$archived_log;

  66. NAME FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME
  67. ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------- -------------------
  68. ……..(此处省略部分归档)…………..
  69. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_49.log 2017-08-01 04:02:47 2017-08-01 15:00:39
  70. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_50.log 2017-08-01 15:00:39 2017-08-01 22:00:33
  71. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_51.log 2017-08-01 22:00:33 2017-08-02 00:00:03
  72. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_52.log 2017-08-02 00:00:03 2017-08-02 11:37:51
  73. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_53.log 2017-08-02 11:37:51 2017-08-02 11:37:59

  75. --添加一条日志条目，该日志记录了删除test1时的归档日志信息
  76. SYS@seiang11g>exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename => '/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_949237404_52.log', options => dbms_logmnr.new);
  77. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

  79. --开始解析日志条目
  80. SYS@seiang11g>exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(options => dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog);
  81. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

  83. --查看v$logmnr_contents视图，找出删除test1表时的SCN（1914743）和时间戳
  84. SYS@seiang11g>col sql_redo for a50
  85. SYS@seiang11g>select scn, timestamp, sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where seg_owner='SEIANG';

  87.        SCN TIMESTAMP SQL_REDO
  88. ---------- ------------------- --------------------------------------------------
  89.    1914743 2017-08-02 11:32:53 drop table seiang.test1 purge;

  91. --查看数据文件头信息，挖掘出来的SCN比此时的SCN要小
  92. SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

  94.      FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
  95. ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------
  96.          1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf 1915266
  97.          2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf 1915266
  98.          3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf 1915266
  99.          4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf 1915266
  100.          5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf 1915266
  101.          6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf 1915266
  102.          7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf 1915266
  103.          8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf 1915266
  104.          9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf 1915266

  106. --关闭数据库，删除所有的数据文件
  107. SYS@seiang11g>shutdown immediate
  108. Database closed.
  109. Database dismounted.
  110. ORACLE instance shut down.

  112. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ rm *.dbf
  113. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$
  114. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ ll
  115. total 163164
  116. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9781248 Aug 2 11:55 control01.ctl
  117. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 11:37 redo01.log
  118. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 11:37 redo02.log
  119. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 11:55 redo03.log

  121. --重新启动数据库，由于缺少数据文件而出现报错信息
  122. SYS@seiang11g>startup
  123. ORACLE instance started.

  125. Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
  126. Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
  127. Variable Size 788533224 bytes
  128. Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
  129. Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
  130. Database mounted.
  131. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
  132. ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf'

  134. --查看需要恢复的数据文件
  135. SYS@seiang11g>select * from v$recover_file;

  137.      FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME
  138. ---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
  139.          1 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  140.          2 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  141.          3 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  142.          4 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  143.          5 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  144.          6 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  145.          7 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  146.          8 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17
  147.          9 ONLINE ONLINE 1913765 02-AUG-17


  150. --还原冷备份的所有数据文件

  151. SYS@seiang11g>host cp /u01/app/oracle/UMAN_Backup/*.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g


    --根据挖掘出来的SCN（1914743），执行数据的不完全恢复

    SYS@seiang11g>recover database until change 1914743;

    Media recovery complete.

    或则是（SYS@seiang11g>recover database until time 2017-08-02 11:32:53;）


    --恢复完成后，查看当前日志序号为54

    SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;


        GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS

    ---------- ---------- ----------------

             1         52 INACTIVE

             3         54 CURRENT

             2         53 INACTIVE


    --查看数据文件头的SCN，是恢复后最新的SCN

    SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;


         FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

    ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------

             1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf                           1914743

             2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf                           1914743

             3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf                          1914743

             4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf                            1914743

             5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf                          1914743

             6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf                             1914743

             7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf                           1914743

             8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf                              1914743

             9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf                          1914743


    --使用resetlogs打开数据库

    SYS@seiang11g>alter database open resetlogs;

    Database altered.


    --查看当前日志序号从1开始记录，之前的归档日志全部作废

    SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;


        GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS

    ---------- ---------- ----------------

             1          1 CURRENT

             2          0 UNUSED

             3          0 UNUSED


    --删除的test1表恢复成功

    SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;


            ID NAME                                                                AGE

    ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------

             1 wjq                                                                  23

             2 seiang                                                               24


恢复原理： 

1.冷备份的数据文件*.dbf比现在要旧，那么数据文件的scn肯定就比现在的小；  

2.使用日志挖掘方法，在日志中找出删表时的scn或时间戳；  

3.在数据库shutdown的状态下，用冷备份的数据文件*.dbf，覆盖现在的*.dbf文件；保证数据文件完整性；

4.启动数据库到mount下,恢复到日志挖掘的SCN或时间点（利用日志对数据文件重做一次）  

5.以resetlogs方式打开数据库，以前的日志就被覆盖了；


示例二：当前日志组损坏，造成数据库崩溃


环境：

（1）提前对数据库做一次全库冷备份；

（2）在seiang用户下有一张test1表隶属于seiang表空间；



  2. SYS@seiang11g>select owner,table_name,tablespace_name from dba_tables
  3.   2 where owner='SEIANG';
  4.     
  5. OWNER TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
  6. ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
  7. SEIANG TEST1 SEIANG
  8. SEIANG TEST2 WJQ
  9. SEIANG TEST3 WJQBEST


  12. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  14.         ID NAME AGE
  15. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
  16.          1 wjq 23
  17.          2 seiang 24

  19. --查看当前的日志序号为1
  20. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  22.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  23. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  24.          1 1 CURRENT
  25.          2 0 UNUSED
  26.          3 0 UNUSED

  28. --在test1表中插入一条数据，提交，并切换日志，该插入信息记录在归档日志1中
  29. SYS@seiang11g>insert into seiang.test1 values(3,'wjqgood',25);
  30. 1 row created.
  31. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  32. Commit complete.
  33. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  34. System altered.

  36. --在test1表中插入一条数据，提交，并切换日志，该插入信息记录在归档日志2中
  37. SYS@seiang11g>insert into seiang.test1 values(4,'wjqbest',30);
  38. 1 row created.
  39. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  40. Commit complete.
  41. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  42. System altered.

  44. --查看当前的日志序号为3
  45. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  47.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  48. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  49.          1 1 ACTIVE
  50.          2 2 ACTIVE
  51.          3 3 CURRENT

  53. --查看归档日志的信息
  54. SYS@seiang11g>select name from v$archived_log;

  56. NAME
  57. --------------------------------------------------------
  58. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
  59. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log

  61. --在test1表中插入一条数据，提交，不切换日志，该插入信息记录在当前日志3中
  62. SYS@seiang11g>insert into seiang.test1 values(5,'wjqseiang',60);
  63. 1 row created.
  64. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  65. Commit complete.

  67. --查看test1表中现有的数据信息
  68. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  70.         ID NAME AGE
  71. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
  72.          1 wjq 23
  73.          2 seiang 24
  74.          3 wjqgood 25（在归档arch_1_950971495_1.log）
  75.          4 wjqbest 30（在归档arch_1_950971495_2.log）
  76.          5 wjqseiang 60（在当前日志redo03.log）


  79. --模拟当前日志丢失或损坏，数据库崩溃
  80. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ rm redo03.log
  81. SYS@seiang11g>shutdown abort
  82. ORACLE instance shut down.


  85. --启动数据库，由于缺少当前日志信息出现报错信息
  86. SYS@seiang11g>startup
  87. ORACLE instance started.

  89. Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
  90. Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
  91. Variable Size 788533224 bytes
  92. Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
  93. Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
  94. Database mounted.
  95. ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
  96. ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/redo03.log'
  97. ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
  98. Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
  99. Additional information: 3

  101. --还原所有的冷备份数据文件
  102. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ rm *.dbf
  103. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$
  104. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ ll
  105. total 163164
  106. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9781248 Aug 2 14:57 control01.ctl
  107. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 14:56 redo01.log
  108. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 14:56 redo02.log
  109. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 14:56 redo03.log.bak

  1. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/UMAN_Backup/*.dbf ./

  2. 在这里一定要注意的的是，一定要还原所有旧的冷备份的数据文件，如果不还原的话，就会出现如下的问题：
  3. SYS@seiang11g>recover database until cancel;
  4. ORA-00279: change 1921883 generated at 08/02/2017 14:28:01 needed for thread 1
  5. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_3.log
  6. ORA-00280: change 1921883 for thread 1 is in sequence #3
  7.     

  9. Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
  10. cancel
  11. ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
  12. ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
  13. ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf'

  15. ORA-01112: media recovery not started



  19. --尝试进行手工完全恢复，由于缺少当前日志失败
  20. SYS@seiang11g>recover database;
  21. ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
  22. ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
  23. ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/redo03.log'
  24. ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
  25. Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
  26. Additional information: 3


  29. --执行不完全恢复
  30. SYS@seiang11g>recover database until cancel;
  31. ORA-00279: change 1914401 generated at 08/02/2017 14:49:14 needed for thread 1
  32. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_3.log（注意提示信息）
  33. ORA-00280: change 1914401 for thread 1 is in sequence #3
  34. （该归档日志不存在）

  36. Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
  37. cancel
  38. Media recovery cancelled.

  40. --恢复完成后，使用resetlogs打开数据库
  41. SYS@seiang11g>alter database open resetlogs;
  42. Database altered.

  44. --查看当前日志序号重新从1开始记录
  45. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  47.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  48. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  49.          1 1 CURRENT
  50.          2 0 UNUSED
  51.          3 0 UNUSED

  53. --查看表test1中的数据信息
  54. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  56.         ID NAME AGE
  57. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
  58.          1 wjq 23
  59.          2 seiang 24
  60.          3 wjqdood 25
  61.          4 wjqbest 30
  62. 可以发现存储在当前日志文件中的数据记录被回滚掉了！！！


示例三：归档日志丢失或损坏


环境：

（1）提前有一套完成的数据文件的冷备份；

（2）在seiang用户下有一张test1表隶属于seiang表空间；

  1. SYS@seiang11g>select owner,table_name,tablespace_name from dba_tables where owner='SEIANG';

  3. OWNER TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
  4. ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
  5. SEIANG TEST1 SEIANG
  6. SEIANG TEST2 WJQ
  7. SEIANG TEST3 WJQBEST

  9. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  11.         ID NAME AGE
  12. ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
  13.          1 wjq 23
  14.          2 seiang 24
  15.          3 wjqdood 25
  16.          4 wjqbest 30

  18. --查看当前日志序号为2
  19. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  21.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  22. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  23.          1 1 INACTIVE
  24.          2 2 CURRENT
  25.          3 0 UNUSED


  28. --修改数据并提交(sequence号2)
  29. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=100 where id=1;
  30. 1 row updated.

  32. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  33. Commit complete.

  35. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  36. System altered.

  38. --修改数据并提交(sequence号3)
  39. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=200 where id=1;
  40. 1 row updated.

  42. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  43. Commit complete.

  45. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  46. System altered.

  48. --修改数据并提交(sequence号4)
  49. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=300 where id=1;
  50. 1 row updated.

  52. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  53. Commit complete.

  55. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  56. System altered.

  58. --修改数据并提交(sequence号5)
  59. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=400 where id=1;
  60. 1 row updated.

  62. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  63. Commit complete.

  65. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  66. System altered.

  68. --修改数据并提交(sequence号6)
  69. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=500 where id=1;
  70. 1 row updated.

  72. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  73. Commit complete.

  75. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  76. System altered.

  78. --修改数据并提交(sequence号7)
  79. SYS@seiang11g>update seiang.test1 set age=600 where id=1;
  80. 1 row updated.

  82. SYS@seiang11g>commit;
  83. Commit complete.

  85. SYS@seiang11g>alter system switch logfile;
  86. System altered.

  88. --当前联机日志序号为8
  89. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  91.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  92. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  93.          1 7 ACTIVE
  94.          2 8 CURRENT
  95.          3 6 ACTIVE

  97. --查看相应的归档日志
  98. SYS@seiang11g>select name from v$archived_log;

  100. NAME
  101. ------------------------------------------------------
  102. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_1.log
  103. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_2.log
  104. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
  105. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log
  106. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log
  107. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log
  108. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log
  109. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log
  110. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
  111. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_6.log
  112. /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_7.log

  114. --关闭数据库
  115. SYS@seiang11g >shutdown immediate
  116. Database closed.
  117. Database dismounted.
  118. ORACLE instance shut down.

  120. --模拟数据文件seiang损坏
  121. SYS@seiang11g>host rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf


  124. --重新打开数据库 ，由于数据文件的丢死，数据库无法open
  125. SYS@seiang11g>startup
  126. ORACLE instance started.

  128. Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
  129. Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
  130. Variable Size 788533224 bytes
  131. Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
  132. Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
  133. Database mounted.
  134. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
  135. ORA-01110: data file 7: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf'


  138. SYS@seiang11g>select * from v$recover_file;

  140.      FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME
  141. ---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
  142.          7 ONLINE ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0

  144. --还原备份的数据文件
  145. SYS@seiang11g>host cp /u01/app/oracle/UMAN_Backup/seiang01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/
  146.     
  147. SYS@seiang11g>select * from v$recover_file;

  149.      FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME
  150. ---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
  151.          7 ONLINE ONLINE UNKNOWN ERROR 1913765 02-AUG-17


  154. --查看一下归档日志的详细信息
  155. SYS@seiang11g>select sequence#, name, first_change#, next_change# from v$archived_log;

  157.  SEQUENCE# NAME FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#
  158. ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------- ------------
  159.         1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_1.log 1914744 1921854
  160.          2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950962051_2.log 1921854 1921883
  161.          1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log 1913766 1914386
  162.          2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log 1914386 1914401
  163.          1 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log 1914402 1936446
  164.          2 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log 1936446 1937042
  165.          3 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log 1937042 1937100
  166.          4 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log 1937100 1937110
  167.          5 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log 1937110 1937123
  168.          6 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_6.log 1937123 1937139
  169.          7 /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_7.log 1937139 1937148


  172. --模拟归档日志5丢失或者损坏
  173. SYS@seiang11g>host rm /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log

  175. [oracle@seiang11g OraDB11g]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
  176. ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log: No such file or directory


  179. --执行恢复操作，当在需要归档日志5的时候出现错误
  180. SYS@seiang11g>recover datafile 7;
  181. ORA-00279: change 1913766 generated at 08/02/2017 11:12:22 needed for thread 1
  182. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
  183. ORA-00280: change 1913766 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

  185. Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
  186. auto
  187. ORA-00279: change 1914386 generated at 08/02/2017 14:48:59 needed for thread 1
  188. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log
  189. ORA-00280: change 1914386 for thread 1 is in sequence #2

  191. ORA-00279: change 1914402 generated at 08/02/2017 14:59:56 needed for thread 1
  192. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log
  193. ORA-00280: change 1914402 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

  195. ORA-00279: change 1936446 generated at 08/02/2017 15:39:52 needed for thread 1
  196. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log
  197. ORA-00280: change 1936446 for thread 1 is in sequence #2

  199. ORA-00279: change 1937042 generated at 08/02/2017 15:49:42 needed for thread 1
  200. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log
  201. ORA-00280: change 1937042 for thread 1 is in sequence #3

  203. ORA-00279: change 1937100 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:34 needed for thread 1
  204. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log
  205. ORA-00280: change 1937100 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

  207. ORA-00279: change 1937110 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:54 needed for thread 1
  208. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
  209. ORA-00280: change 1937110 for thread 1 is in sequence #5

  211. ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log'
  212. ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
  213. Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
  214. Additional information: 3
  215.     
  216. --查看数据文件头，发现检查点不一致
  217. SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

  219.      FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
  220. ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------
  221.          1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf 1937617
  222.          2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf 1937617
  223.          3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf 1937617
  224.          4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf 1937617
  225.          5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf 1937617
  226.          6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf 1937617
  227.          7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf 1937110
  228.          8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf 1937617
  229.          9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf 1937617

  1. --关闭数据库 ，还原所有冷备份的数据文件

    SYS@seiang11g>shutdown abort

    ORACLE instance shut down.


    SYS@seiang11g>host cp /u01/app/oracle/UMAN_Backup/*.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/

  2. SYS@seiang11g>host ls -l /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/
  3. total 2279068
  4. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7680 Aug 2 16:08 arch_1_950972396_5.log
  5. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9781248 Aug 2 16:16 control01.ctl
  6. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 363077632 Aug 2 16:17 example01.dbf
  7. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 15:52 redo01.log
  8. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 15:58 redo02.log
  9. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Aug 2 15:52 redo03.log
  10. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Aug 2 16:17 rman01.dbf
  11. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 73408512 Aug 2 16:17 seiang01.dbf
  12. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 734011392 Aug 2 16:18 sysaux01.dbf
  13. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Aug 2 16:18 system01.dbf
  14. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 30416896 Aug 2 16:18 temp01.dbf
  15. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 110108672 Aug 2 16:18 undotbs01.dbf
  16. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Aug 2 16:18 users01.dbf
  17. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Aug 2 16:18 wjq01.dbf
  18. -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Aug 2 16:18 wjqbest01.dbf

  20. --重新打开数据库
  21. SYS@seiang11g>startup
  22. ORACLE instance started.

  24. Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
  25. Fixed Size 2252824 bytes
  26. Variable Size 788533224 bytes
  27. Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
  28. Redo Buffers 8892416 bytes
  29. Database mounted.
  30. ORA-01190: control file or data file 1 is from before the last RESETLOGS
  31. ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf'


  34. SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

  36.      FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
  37. ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------
  38.          1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf 1913765
  39.          2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf 1913765
  40.          3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf 1913765
  41.          4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf 1913765
  42.          5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf 1913765
  43.          6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf 1913765
  44.          7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf 1913765
  45.          8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf 1913765
  46.          9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf 1913765

  48. 9 rows selected.

  50. --恢复数据库 ，首先尝试完全恢复，同样在需要归档日志5的时候出现错误
  51. SYS@seiang11g>recover database;
  52. ORA-00279: change 1913766 generated at 08/02/2017 11:12:22 needed for thread 1
  53. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_1.log
  54. ORA-00280: change 1913766 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

  56. Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
  57. auto
  58. ORA-00279: change 1914386 generated at 08/02/2017 14:48:59 needed for thread 1
  59. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950971495_2.log
  60. ORA-00280: change 1914386 for thread 1 is in sequence #2

  62. ORA-00279: change 1914402 generated at 08/02/2017 14:59:56 needed for thread 1
  63. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_1.log
  64. ORA-00280: change 1914402 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

  66. ORA-00279: change 1936446 generated at 08/02/2017 15:39:52 needed for thread 1
  67. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_2.log
  68. ORA-00280: change 1936446 for thread 1 is in sequence #2

  70. ORA-00279: change 1937042 generated at 08/02/2017 15:49:42 needed for thread 1
  71. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_3.log
  72. ORA-00280: change 1937042 for thread 1 is in sequence #3

  74. ORA-00279: change 1937100 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:34 needed for thread 1
  75. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_4.log
  76. ORA-00280: change 1937100 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

  78. ORA-00279: change 1937110 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:54 needed for thread 1
  79. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
  80. ORA-00280: change 1937110 for thread 1 is in sequence #5

  82. ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log'
  83. ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
  84. Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
  85. Additional information: 3


  88. --执行不完全恢复 ，成功
  89. SYS@seiang11g>recover database until cancel;
  90. ORA-00279: change 1937110 generated at 08/02/2017 15:51:54 needed for thread 1
  91. ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/arch/arch_1_950972396_5.log
  92. ORA-00280: change 1937110 for thread 1 is in sequence #5


  95. Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
  96. cancel
  97. Media recovery cancelled.

  99. --再次查看数据文件头的相关信息
  100. SYS@seiang11g>select file#,name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

  102.      FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
  103. ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------
  104.          1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/system01.dbf 1937110
  105.          2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/sysaux01.dbf 1937110
  106.          3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/undotbs01.dbf 1937110
  107.          4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/users01.dbf 1937110
  108.          5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/example01.dbf 1937110
  109.          6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/rman01.dbf 1937110
  110.          7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/seiang01.dbf 1937110
  111.          8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjq01.dbf 1937110
  112.          9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/OraDB11g/wjqbest01.dbf 1937110

  114. --查看日志组信息，发现与5号脱节
  115. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  117.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  118. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  119.          1 7 INACTIVE
  120.          3 6 INACTIVE
  121.          2 8 CURRENT

  123. --使用resetlogs打开数据库
  124. SYS@seiang11g>alter database open resetlogs;
  125. Database altered.

  127. --日志序号从1开始记录
  128. SYS@seiang11g>select group#,sequence#,status from v$log;

  130.     GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
  131. ---------- ---------- ----------------
  132.          1 1 CURRENT
  133.          2 0 UNUSED
  134.          3 0 UNUSED

  136. --确认表中的数据信息，发现在5号归档日志丢失后的修改都没有生效
  137. SYS@seiang11g>select * from seiang.test1;

  139.         ID NAME AGE
  140. ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
  141.          1 wjq 300
  142.          2 seiang 24
  143.          3 wjqdood 25
  144.          4 wjqbest 30


相关连接：

 Oracle手工完全恢复案例：http://blog.itpub.net/31015730/viewspace-2142669/


作者：SEian.G（苦练七十二变，笑对八十一难）

ITPUB：http://blog.itpub.net/31015730/

51CTO：http://seiang.blog.51cto.com/



来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：https://blog.itpub.net/31015730/viewspace-2142995/ ，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

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