数据库恢复实例三:恢复spfile

数据库错误如下:

SQL> startup nomount;

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/inithdi26.ora'

1.      分析

这个错误由初失参数文件丢失或引起的,恢复方法:通过备份,手工重建

本例通过RMAN来恢复spfile

2.启动数据库到nomount状态

在 $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile/目录下有一参数

$ORACLE_BASE/admin/hdi26/pfile/

ls

init.ora.118200895840

SQL> startup nomount pfile=/u01/app/oracle/admin/hdi26/pfile/init.ora.118200895840

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes

Fixed Size                  1220432 bytes

Variable Size             486539440 bytes

Database Buffers         1644167168 bytes

Redo Buffers               15556608 bytes

3.恢复spfile

[oracle@HDI01 pfile]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 10 15:17:02 2008

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: hdi26 (not mounted)

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u09/orabackup/rman/controlfile/c-1504204985-20081210-01';

Starting restore at 10-DEC-08

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /u09/orabackup/rman/controlfile/c-1504204985-20081210-01

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete

Finished restore at 10-DEC-08

4.重起数据库使用恢复的spfile启动数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate;

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes

Fixed Size                  1220432 bytes

Variable Size             285212848 bytes

Database Buffers         1845493760 bytes

Redo Buffers               15556608 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

5.创建pfile

create pfile from spfile;

注:手工重建:

1.从alter log重建,alter log中会记录数据库在启动时的所有非默认参数

2.直接使用$ORACLE_BASE/admin/hdi26/pfile/的初始参数