Download the Oracle Database Software

Download Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.2.0) Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, and Enterprise Edition from the Oracle database home page at the following location:

http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html

Operating System Prerequisites

Assuming you have a working Yum repository, you can install the required operating system dependencies for the database software with the following command:

yum install gcc gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc-devel libstdc++-devel \
elfutils-libelf-devel glibc-devel libaio-devel sysstat perl-URI \
bitstream-vera-fonts xorg-x11-xinit unixODBC unixODBC-devel xorg-x11-xinit

Creating the Database User Accounts and Groups

1. Create two groups (dba and oinstall) with the following commands:

   /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
   /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
   

2. Create the oracle user, and specify oinstall as the primary group and dba as the secondary group, with the following command:

   /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
   

3. Set the oracle user password with the following command:

   passwd oracle
   

Configuring the Kernel Parameter Settings

1. Modify the /etc/sysctl.conf file to satisfy the Oracle installer's requirements by adding the following lines:

   kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
   net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
   net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
   net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
   net.core.wmem_default = 262144
   net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
   fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
   fs.file-max = 681574
   

2. Make these changes effective immediately with the following command:

   /sbin/sysctl -p
   

Setting Shell Limits for the Oracle User

1. To improve the performance of the software, you must increase the shell limits for the oracle user. Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

   oracle soft nproc 2047
   oracle hard nproc 16384
   oracle soft nofile 1024
   oracle hard nofile 65536
   

2. If not already present, add the following lines to the /etc/pam.d/login file:

   session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
   session required pam_limits.so
   

3. Depending on the oracle user's default shell, you need to make changes to it. For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the bottom of the /etc/profile file:

   if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
       if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
           ulimit -p 16384
           ulimit -n 65536
       else
           ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
       fi
   fi
   

For information about other shells, you should refer to the Oracle Database 11g Release 1 for Linux x86-64 Quick Installation Guide available at the following location:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32285/toc.htm

Creating the Database Directory

Throughout this guide it is assumed that the directory /u01/app is the root of the Oracle installation. This is specified in the ORACLE_BASE environment variable.

1. Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

   df -k
   

   This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

   • The physical device name.

   • The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space.

   • The mount point directory for that file system.

2. Create the necessary subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions for them using commands similar to the following:

   mkdir -p /u01/app
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
   chmod -R 775 /u01/app
   

Configuring the Oracle User's Environment

1. Logon to the system as the oracle user.

2. Add or edit the umask setting in the ~/.bash_profile file to the following:

   umask 022
   

3. Make the setting active for the current shell by issuing the following command:

   . ./.bash_profile
   

4. Set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable to define the location of the root of the Oracle directory tree:

   export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
   

5. Unzip the Oracle database installation zip file. This creates the directory database. Then, run the graphical installer (note this will not run under user root). Ensure that your X Window environment is properly set up. In addition, when logging on remotely with SSH, ensure X forwarding is enabled. Use the following commands:

   cd 
   unzip linux_11gR2_database.zip
   ./database/runInstaller
   

6. Use the installation wizard, and specify the values shown in Figure A-1. When ready, click Next.

   Figure A-1 Specify Installation Location Dialog

   
   Description of "Figure A-1 Specify Installation Location Dialog"
   
   

7. Specify the values shown in Figure A-2. When ready, click Next.

   Figure A-2 Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials Dialog

   
   Description of "Figure A-2 Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials Dialog"
   
   

   Important:

   Any warnings or errors reported during database installation (especially any missing prerequisites) must be resolved before proceeding. See Installing the RUEI Prerequisites andAppendix F, "Troubleshooting" for information about required components.

   If all dependencies are met, you can click Next.

8. When installation is almost complete, you are prompted to run two scripts, orainstRoot.sh and root.sh, as root. This is shown in Figure A-3.

   Figure A-3 Configuration Scripts Dialog

   
   Description of "Figure A-3 Configuration Scripts Dialog"
   
   

   Run the two scripts indicated in Figure A-3. They should be run in a terminal window as root. You will receive output similar to the following:

   /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
   Adding read,write permissions for group.
   Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
   
   Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
   The execution of the script. is complete.
   

   The second script. generates the following output:

   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
   /root.sh
   Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
   
   The following environment variables are set as:
       ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
       ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
   
   Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
      Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
      Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
      Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   
   Creating /etc/oratab file...
   Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
   Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
   Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
   Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
   Finished product-specific root actions.
   

   On completion of each script, return the dialog shown in Figure A-3, and click OK. In the main installer screen, verify that the message "The installation of Oracle database 11g was successful" appears. Click Exit, and confirm by clicking Yes.

Creating an Oracle init Script File

1. Logon as the root user.

2. Create an /etc/init.d/oracledb script. file to start and stop the Oracle database. An example of this initialization script. is available in the RUEI installation zip file (/root/RUEI/extra/oracledb) explained in Chapter 2, "Installing the RUEI Software". Note that you will need to modify the settings for the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME environment variables shown above if you selected a different installation directory for the Oracle database.

3. Make the script. file executable and use it to start the Oracle database with the following commands:

   chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracledb
   /sbin/chkconfig --add oracledb
   /sbin/service oracledb start
   

The Oracle database is now installed, and the database listener should be up and running.